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Counteraction of SAMHD1 by Vpx

  • Reference work entry
  • First Online:
Encyclopedia of AIDS

  • 41 Accesses

Definition

Host cellular proteins that interact with HIV play critical roles to regulate viral infection and pathogenesis. Cellular proteins can either positively or negatively impact different stages of HIV replication. Restriction factors are host proteins that inhibit virus infections and are considered an integral part of the host’s intrinsic cellular defense system. Structural and functional studies of restriction factors and their interactions with viral proteins have not only revealed fundamental mechanisms of HIV replication but have also facilitated the generation of better animal virus models for therapeutic and vaccine development. SAM domain- and HD domain-containing protein 1 (SAMHD1) is the first deoxynucleoside triphosphate triphosphohydrolase (dNTPase) identified in mammalian cells. SAMHD1 acts as an HIV-1 restriction factor in nondividing cells and is counteracted by the retroviral protein X (Vpx). Here the latest advances in understanding the mechanisms of...

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Center for Retrovirus Research, The Ohio State University, 1900 Coffey Road, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA

    Suresh de Silva, Corine St. Gelais, Nagaraja Tirumuru & Li Wu

  2. Center for Microbial Interface Biology, The Ohio State University, 1900 Coffey Road, Columbus, OH, USA

    Li Wu

  3. Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, 1900 Coffey Road, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA

    Li Wu

Authors
  1. Suresh de Silva
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  2. Corine St. Gelais
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  3. Nagaraja Tirumuru
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  4. Li Wu
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Li Wu .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Northwestern University, Robert H. Lurie Medical Research Center, Chicago, IL, USA

    Thomas J. Hope

  2. VA San Diego Healthcare System and University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA

    Douglas D. Richman

  3. Department of Medicine, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA

    Mario Stevenson

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de Silva, S., St. Gelais, C., Tirumuru, N., Wu, L. (2018). Counteraction of SAMHD1 by Vpx. In: Hope, T.J., Richman, D.D., Stevenson, M. (eds) Encyclopedia of AIDS. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7101-5_375

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7101-5_375

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