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Hepatocellular Carcinoma in HIV-Positive Patients

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Encyclopedia of AIDS

Definition

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a primary tumor of the liver that arises from hepatocytes. The principal factors that increase the risk of HCC include infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV), infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV), alcoholism, and aflatoxin. Patients with HIV infection also have an increased risk of HCC, but the role of HIV and immunosuppression is unclear, and much of this risk appears to be because of coinfection with HBV and/or HCV. Whether HIV plays a direct role in HCC pathogenesis remains to be established, but it can increase the risk of HCC in individuals coinfected with HBV and/or HCV. The clinical course of HCC depends on the stage of cancer disease, performance status, and comorbidities. Therapeutic options include liver transplantation, local antiblastic chemotherapy, and biological agents. In the HIV setting few data are available about treatment options. The increased longevity of patients with HIV appears to be contributing to an increased...

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medical Oncology A, National Cancer Institute, Via Franco Gallini 2, 33081, Aviano, PN, Italy

    Massimiliano Berretta & Umberto Tirelli

  2. Scientific Directorate, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, PN, Italy

    Paolo De Paoli

  3. Department of Clinical and Molecular Biomedicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Catania, Catania, Italy

    Bruno Cacopardo

Authors
  1. Massimiliano Berretta
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  2. Paolo De Paoli
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  3. Umberto Tirelli
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  4. Bruno Cacopardo
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Massimiliano Berretta .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Northwestern University, Robert H. Lurie Medical Research Center, Chicago, IL, USA

    Thomas J. Hope

  2. VA San Diego Healthcare System and University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA

    Douglas D. Richman

  3. Department of Medicine, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA

    Mario Stevenson

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Berretta, M., De Paoli, P., Tirelli, U., Cacopardo, B. (2018). Hepatocellular Carcinoma in HIV-Positive Patients. In: Hope, T.J., Richman, D.D., Stevenson, M. (eds) Encyclopedia of AIDS. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7101-5_22

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7101-5_22

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-7100-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-7101-5

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