Skip to main content

The CCN Proteins: An Overview

  • Protocol
  • First Online:
CCN Proteins

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 1489))

Abstract

I introduce the general structures and functions of CCN proteins and possible molecular mechanisms regarding the unique biological actions of this new family of signaling regulators, which may be referred to as “signal conductors.” Relevance to pathology is also briefly introduced. The information provided in this overview should be useful for readers of the following chapters.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Protocol
USD 49.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 89.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 119.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Perbal B, Takigawa M (2005) CCN proteins: a new family of cell growth and differentiation regulators. Imperial College Press, London, pp 1–311

    Book  Google Scholar 

  2. Takigawa M, Nakanishi T, Kubota S, Nishida T (2003) The role of CTGF/Hcs24/ecogenin in skeletal growth control. J Cell Physiol 194:256–266

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Takigawa M (2003) CTGF/Hcs 24 as a multifunctional growth factor for fibroblasts, chondrocytes, and vascular endothelial cells. Drug News Perspect 16:11–21

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Brigstock DR (2003) The CCN family: a new stimulus package. J Endocrinol 178:169–175

    Google Scholar 

  5. Brigstock DR, Goldshemeding R, Katsube K, Lam SC, Lau LF, Lyons K, Naus C, Perbal B, Riser B, Takigawa M, Yeger H (2003) Proposal for a unified CCN nomenclature. Mol Pathol 56:127–128

    Google Scholar 

  6. Kubota S, Takigawa M (2007) Role of CCN2/CTGF/Hcs24 in bone growth. Int Rev Cytol 257:1–41

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Kubota S, Takigawa M (2011) The role of CCN2 in cartilage and bone development. J Cell Commun Signal 5:209–217

    Google Scholar 

  8. Kubota S, Takigawa M (2013) The CCN family acting throughout the body: recent research developments. Biomol Concepts 5:477–494

    Google Scholar 

  9. Takigawa M (2013) CCN2: a master regulator of the genesis of bone and cartilage. J Cell Commun Signal 7:191–201

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  10. Perbal B (2004) CCN proteins: multifunctional signalling regulators. Lancet 363:62–64

    Google Scholar 

  11. Kubota S, Takigawa M (2007) CCN family proteins and angiogenesis: from embryo to adulthood. Angiogenesis 10:1–11

    Google Scholar 

  12. Jun JI, Lau LF (2011) Taking aim at the extracellular matrix: CCN proteins as emerging therapeutic targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov 10:945–963

    Google Scholar 

  13. Kubota S, Takigawa M (2015) Cellular and molecular actions of CCN2/CTGF and their role under physiological and pathological conditions. Clin Sci 128:181–196

    Google Scholar 

  14. Gao R, Brigstock DR (2004) Connective tissue growth factor (CCN2) induces adhesion of rat activated hepatic stellate cells by binding of its C-terminal domain to integrin alpha(v)beta(3) and heparan sulfate proteoglycan. J Biol Chem 279:8848–8855

    Google Scholar 

  15. Hoshijima M, Hattori T, Inoue M, Araki D, Hanagata H, Miyauchi A, Takigawa M (2006) CT domain of CCN2/CTGF directly interacts with fibronectin and enhances cell adhesion of chondrocytes through integrin alpha5beta1. FEBS Lett 580:1376–1382

    Google Scholar 

  16. Grotendorst GR, Duncan MR (2005) Individual domains of connective tissue growth factor regulate fibroblast proliferation and myofibroblast differentiation. FASEB J 19:729–738

    Google Scholar 

  17. Hoshijima M, Hattori T, Aoyama E, Nishida T, Yamashiro T, Takigawa M (2012) Roles of heterotypic CCN2/CTGF-CCN3/NOV and homotypic CCN2-CCN2 interactions in expression of the differentiated phenotype of chondrocytes. FEBS J 279:3584–3597

    Google Scholar 

  18. Takigawa M (2015) Terminology of CCN1-6 should not be applicable for their fragments and be limited to only full length CCN1-6. J Cell Commun Signal 9:81–83

    Google Scholar 

  19. Abd El Kader T, Kubota S, Nishida T, Hattori T, Aoyama E, Janune D, Hara ES, Ono M, Tabata Y, Kuboki T, Takigawa M (2014) The regenerative effects of CCN2 independent modules on chondrocytes in vitro and osteoarthritis models in vivo. Bone 59:180–188

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Aoyama E, Kubota S, Khattab HM, Nishida T, Takigawa M (2015) CCN2 enhances RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation via direct binding to RANK and OPG. Bone 73:242–248

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Khattab HM, Aoyama E, Kubota S, Takigawa M (2015) Physical interaction of CCN2 with diverse growth factors involved in chondrocyte differentiation during endochondral ossification. J Cell Commun Signal 9:247–254

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the program JSPS KAKENHI Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B) No. JP15H05014 and for Exploratory Research No. JP26670808. I thank many members of the International CCN Society for their contributions to this book and Drs. Satoshi Kubota and Harumi Kawaki for their editorial assistance.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Masaharu Takigawa D.D.S., Ph.D. .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2017 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this protocol

Cite this protocol

Takigawa, M. (2017). The CCN Proteins: An Overview. In: Takigawa, M. (eds) CCN Proteins. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1489. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-6430-7_1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-6430-7_1

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-6428-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-6430-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Protocols

Publish with us

Policies and ethics