Abstract
This chapter takes the position that virtually all “mental health” and related evaluations of sexual offenders are, in fact, forensic evaluations, in that they almost always involve the appraisal of “justice-involved clients.” Most so-called clinical evaluations, involving treatment planning or related to dispositional status, are conducted in the context of the justice system and are most accurately regarded as forensic evaluations. The purpose of this chapter is to describe relevant principles, methods, and other considerations in conducting adequate and informed forensic evaluations of sexual offenders (e.g., most evaluations of sexual offenders) and to discuss a set of domains and procedures (interviews, tests, questionnaires, and rating scales) for collecting relevant, reliable, and admissible information for assessing and appraising the various psycho-legal questions that the judicial system might pose regarding sexual offenders. The notions of a “forensic ethic,” which distinguishes traditional clinical evaluations from forensic ones, are delineated: the primary forensic task of critically or skeptically examining an individual appraised within a particular psycho-legal context and advocating for the “data” and conclusions of the evaluation and not necessarily the evaluatee in any capacity. Various principles and procedures identified as defining forensic mental health evaluations are identified that lead to informed, well-founded opinions that acknowledge the key multiple sources of information available to the forensic evaluator. Central elements of forensic evaluations are presented and applied to appraisals of sexual offenders, including record review, issues in the direct evaluations of individuals (including the relative value of interviews with alleged or identified sexual offenders), structured psychological assessment, and report writing (developing and documenting opinions and their bases as applied to the particular psycho-legal issues).
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Notes
- 1.
It is of note that in the United Kingdom, the practice of forensic mental health practice is defined as almost exclusively as that occurring in or in anticipation of involvement with the penal and secure hospital settings.
- 2.
The reader is referred to Hoberman and Riedel (2015) for a considerably more detailed description of psychological tests, professional ratings, and structured interviews recommended for use in forensic and true clinical evaluations.
- 3.
However, it should be noted that the DSM-5 category of Sexual Sadism Disorder was reworded in such a manner that it likely would apply to many sexual offenders who perpetrate rapes: “Over a period of at least 6 months, recurrent and intense sexual fantasies, sexual urges, or sexual behaviors involving the physical or psychological suffering of another person.”
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Hoberman, H.M., Jackson, R.L. (2016). Forensic Evaluations of Sexual Offenders: Principles and Practices for Almost All Sexual Offender Appraisals. In: Phenix, A., Hoberman, H. (eds) Sexual Offending. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2416-5_16
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