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Neuroimaging in Autism Spectrum Disorders

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The Molecular Basis of Autism

Part of the book series: Contemporary Clinical Neuroscience ((CCNE))

Abstract

This chapter reviews the existing literature on neuroimaging in autism spectrum disorders. Research methodology and significant findings from structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), magnetic resonance spectrometry (MRS) and positron emission tomography (PET) are described. Overall, despite significant heterogeneity in study results, a pattern emerges suggesting early brain overgrowth in the first few years of life, followed by dysmaturation in adolescence. Connectivity analyses reveal impaired long-range connectivity as well as increased local and/or subcortical connectivity in ASD. Such findings help to inform hypotheses regarding the etiopathogenesis of this condition, but have yet to yield practical clinical applications.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

    Danielle Baribeau MD

  2. Department of Pediatrics, Bloorview Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

    Evdokia Anagnostou MD

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  1. Danielle Baribeau MD
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  2. Evdokia Anagnostou MD
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Correspondence to Danielle Baribeau MD .

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  1. Neuroscience and Pharmacology MMC 392, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA

    S. Hossein Fatemi

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Baribeau, D., Anagnostou, E. (2015). Neuroimaging in Autism Spectrum Disorders. In: Fatemi, S. (eds) The Molecular Basis of Autism. Contemporary Clinical Neuroscience. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2190-4_7

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