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MRSA/MSSA, Antibiotic Resistance

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Encyclopedia of Metagenomics

Definition

Staphylococcus aureus causes infections in humans ranging from mild to severe disease. The increasing use of antibiotics has resulted in the acquisition and spread of resistance markers among S. aureus strains. Antibiotic resistance can be conferred by point mutations in specific genes, or resistance genes can be carried on conjugative plasmids or bacteriophages and transferred between organisms or even between species.

Introduction

The objective of this review is to give a concise description of Staphylococcus aureus, focusing on the genetic mechanisms of antibiotic resistance relevant to this bacterium. S. aureus is a ubiquitous organism that causes infections in both adults and children. More than 95 % of infections involve the skin and soft tissues; however, invasive infections such as osteomyelitis, septic arthritis, pneumonia, myositis, pyomyositis, and severe sepsis have been associated with significant morbidity and mortality (Kaplan et al. 2009). First described in...

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA

    Kristina G. Hulten & J. Chase McNeil

Authors
  1. Kristina G. Hulten
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  2. J. Chase McNeil
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Kristina G. Hulten .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Genomic Medicine, J. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA

    Sarah K. Highlander

  2. Universidad Miguel Hernandez, Campus San Juan, San Juan, Alicante, Spain

    Francisco Rodriguez-Valera

  3. The Institute for Genomic Biology Department of Animal Sciences & Pathobiology Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA

    Bryan A. White

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Hulten, K.G., McNeil, J.C. (2015). MRSA/MSSA, Antibiotic Resistance. In: Highlander, S.K., Rodriguez-Valera, F., White, B.A. (eds) Encyclopedia of Metagenomics. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-7475-4_56

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