Primary Productivity and Biogeochemical Cycles in the Sea

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-ix

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2. Honorary Lecture

   1. Toward Understanding the Roles of Phytoplankton in Biogeochemical Cycles: Personal Notes

      • Richard W. Eppley

      Pages 1-7

3. Factors Limiting Primary Productivity in the Sea I. Light

   1. The Nature and Measurement of the Light Environment in the Ocean

      • John T. O. Kirk

      Pages 9-29

   2. The Functional and Optical Absorption Cross-Sections of Phytoplankton Photosynthesis

      • Zvy Dubinsky

      Pages 31-45

   3. Molecular Ecology of Phytoplankton Photosynthesis

      • Paul G. Falkowski

      Pages 47-67

4. Factors Limiting Primary Productivity in the Sea II. Nutrients

   1. Nutrient Limitation of Marine Photosynthesis

      • John J. Cullen, Xiaolong Yang, Hugh L. MacIntyre

      Pages 69-88

   2. Geologic and Climatic Time Scales of Nutrient Variability

      • Richard T. Barber

      Pages 89-106

   3. Nutrient Limitation of New Production in the Sea

      • Richard Dugdale, Frances Wilkerson

      Pages 107-122

   4. Iron as a Limiting Factor in Oceanic Productivity

      • John H. Martin

      Pages 123-137

5. Estimation of Global Ocean Production

   1. Satellite Ocean Color Observations of Global Biogeochemical Cycles

      • Marlon R. Lewis

      Pages 139-153

   2. Advances in Understanding Phytoplankton Fluorescence and Photosynthesis

      • Dale A. Kiefer, Rick A. Reynolds

      Pages 155-174

   3. Bio-Optical Models and the Problems of Scaling

      • Robert R. Bidigare, Barbara B. Prézelin, Raymond C. Smith

      Pages 175-212

6. The Role of Marine Organisms in Primary Production

   1. Phytoplankton Size

      • Sallie W. Chisholm

      Pages 213-237

   2. Productivity of Seaweeds

      • J. Ramus

      Pages 239-255

   3. Productivity of Zooxanthellae and Biogeochemical Cycles

      • Leonard Muscatine, Virginia Weis

      Pages 257-271

7. New Production and Biogeochemical Cycles

   1. The Importance and Measurement of New Production

      • Trevor Platt, Pratima Jauhari, Shubba Sathyendranath

      Pages 273-284

   2. The Role of Coastal High Latitude Ecosystems in Global Export Production

      • Paul K. Bienfang, David A. Ziemann

      Pages 285-297

   3. Tracer Based Inferences of New Primary Production in the Sea

      • W. J. Jenkins, D. W. R. Wallace

      Pages 299-316

   4. New Production and the Global Carbon Cycle

      • Jorge L. Sarmiento, Ulrich Siegenthaler

      Pages 317-332

8. Loss Processes and Material Recycling

   1. Respiration: Taxation Without Representation?

      • Richard J. Geider

      Pages 333-360

Biological processes in the oceans play a crucial role in regulating the fluxes of many important elements such as carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, oxygen, phosphorus, and silicon. As we come to the end of the 20th century, oceanographers have increasingly focussed on how these elements are cycled within the ocean, the interdependencies of these cycles, and the effect of the cycle on the composition of the earth's atmosphere and climate. Many techniques and tools have been developed or adapted over the past decade to help in this effort. These include satellite sensors of upper ocean phytoplankton distributions, flow cytometry, molecular biological probes, sophisticated moored and shipboard instrumentation, and vastly increased numerical modeling capabilities. This volume is the result of the 37th Brookhaven Symposium in Biology, in which a wide spectrum of oceanographers, chemists, biologists, and modelers discussed the progress in understanding the role of primary producers in biogeochemical cycles. The symposium is dedicated to Dr. Richard W. Eppley, an intellectual giant in biological oceanography, who inspired a generation of scientists to delve into problems of understanding biogeochemical cycles in the sea. We gratefully acknowledge support from the U.S. Department of Energy, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the National Science Foundation, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the Electric Power Research Institute, and the Environmental Protection Agency. Special thanks to Claire Lamberti for her help in producing this volume.

• Ocean
• Oceanography
• biogeochemical cycles
• biosphere
• environment
• environmental protection
• marine
• phytoplankton
• plankton

• Oceanographic and Atmospheric, Sciences Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, USA

  Paul G. Falkowski

• Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, USA

  Avril D. Woodhead

• Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, USA

  Katherine Vivirito

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