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Diabetes Prevention

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Principles of Diabetes Mellitus

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Abstract

Studies carried out over the past three decades in animal models and in patients suggest that Type 1 diabetes mellitus is an autoimmune disease. Elsewhere, in Chapter V, this work is reviewed and current concepts of disease pathogenesis are discussed. These studies indicate that the Type 1 diabetes is due to the T cell mediated destruction of the beta cells in the islets of Langerhans. The risk of diabetes in the general population in North America is approximately 12.5/100,000, although this number has been increasing.1 The risk of Type 1 diabetes is higher among families with another relative with Type 1 diabetes. The genetic locus most highly linked to the disease is the major histocompatibility locus (MHC), and over 90% of Caucasian individuals express either HLA DR3 and/or DR.2 Prediction of future diabetes, however, is not possible on a genetic basis alone. For example, the concordance rate for identical twins is < 50%, indicating that either environmental or developmental events (such as T cell development) affect the progression of diabetes.

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Authors
  1. Asha Thomas-Geevarghese
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  2. Kevan C. Herold
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Endocrinology, Beth Israel Medical Center, New York, New York, USA

    Leonid Poretsky M.D. (Chief, Professor of Medicine) (Chief, Professor of Medicine)

  2. Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA

    Leonid Poretsky M.D. (Chief, Professor of Medicine) (Chief, Professor of Medicine)

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Thomas-Geevarghese, A., Herold, K.C. (2004). Diabetes Prevention. In: Poretsky, L. (eds) Principles of Diabetes Mellitus. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-6260-0_40

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-6260-0_40

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