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Monitoring Human Exposure to Environmental Carcinogens

  • Chapter
Biological Reactive Intermediates IV

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 283))

Abstract

One of the long range goal of research in chemical carcinogenesis is the identification of individuals at increased risk of cancer development. Cancer is a multistep, multistage process in which many factors effect ultimate risk. The initiating event in the process of chemical carcinogenesis is the binding of the reactive electrophilic species of the carcinogen to nucleophilic sites in DNA. The extent of this reaction is influenced by a number of factors including metabolism to the active species or less toxic metabolites, detoxification of reactive intermediates and repair of adducts once formed. Thus, individuals with the same exposure may be at very different risk for cancer development because of differences in these processes due to genetic susceptibility. Suggestive evidence for this genetic susceptibility has come from epidemiologic studies demonstrating a higher proportion of individuals with a specific phenotype (e.g. poor metabolizers of debrisoquin or lacking specific glutathione transferase activity) among cancer cases than controls (Ayesh et al. 1984, Seidegard et al. 1986).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Comprehensive Cancer Center and Division of Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA

    Regina M. Santella, Yu Jing Zhang, Tie Lan Young, Byung Mu Lee & Xiao Qing Lu

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  1. Regina M. Santella
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  2. Yu Jing Zhang
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  3. Tie Lan Young
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  4. Byung Mu Lee
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  5. Xiao Qing Lu
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA

    Charlotte M. Witmer  & Robert R. Snyder  & 

  2. Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA

    David J. Jollow

  3. Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

    George F. Kalf  & James J. Kocsis  & 

  4. University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA

    I. Glenn Sipes

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© 1991 Plenum Press, New York

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Santella, R.M., Zhang, Y.J., Young, T.L., Lee, B.M., Lu, X.Q. (1991). Monitoring Human Exposure to Environmental Carcinogens. In: Witmer, C.M., Snyder, R.R., Jollow, D.J., Kalf, G.F., Kocsis, J.J., Sipes, I.G. (eds) Biological Reactive Intermediates IV. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 283. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5877-0_18

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5877-0_18

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-5879-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-5877-0

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