Abstract
Despite a vast array of treatment efforts from medical, psychological, and rehabilitation sources, chronic pain problems continue to plague society. In the United States, the management of chronic pain, including hospital and healthcare services, loss of work productivity, insurance compensation, medication, and litigation costs an estimated $40 to $50 billion annually (U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare, 1979). It has been estimated that 700 million work days are lost per year due to chronic pain (Brena, Chapman, Stegall, & Chyatte, 1979). In addition to these financial costs, there is a significant level of emotional distress suffered by the patients and their families.
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© 1985 Plenum Press, New York
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Kulich, R.J., Gottlieb, B.S. (1985). The Management of Chronic Pain. In: Upper, D., Ross, S.M. (eds) Handbook of Behavioral Group Therapy. Applied Clinical Psychology. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-4958-7_16
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-4958-7_16
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