Sex Role Identification of Drug Addicts

Abstract

Societal norms regarding the differential appropriateness of various behavior patterns and psychological characteristics for each sex are learned at an early age, so that by age six the interests, activities, and attitudes of boys and girls diverge substantially (Guttentag and Bray, 1976). Generally, masculinity is associated with a task orientation — a focus on getting things done; while fem­ininity is associated with an orientation toward emotional expres­siveness and concern for others (Bem, 1974). In American society, it is more desirable and appropriate for a man to act as a leader, be assertive and analytical; it is more desirable for women to be affectionate, understanding and compassionate.