Abstract
It is possible to divide the methods of making thin layers (i.e. layers which are less than 1 µm thick) in several different ways(1) (2). One classification is in terms of the separate groups, (1) chemical methods and (2) physical methods. Physical methods cover deposition techniques which depend on the evaporation or ejection of material from a source, i.e. evaporation or sputtering, whereas chemical methods depend on a specific chemical reaction. This chemical reaction may depend on the electrical separation of ions as in electro-plating and anodisation or it may depend on thermal effects as in vapour phase deposition and thermal growth. However, in all these cases a definite chemical reaction is required to obtain the final film.
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Campbell, D.S. (1976). Preparation Methods for Thin Films. In: Dupuy, C.H.S., Cachard, A. (eds) Physics of Nonmetallic Thin Films. NATO Advanced Study Institutes Series, vol 14. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-0847-8_2
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