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Translation of Animal Virus mRNAs in Vitro

  • Chapter
Comprehensive Virology 10

Abstract

Studies of the translation of bacteriophage RNAs in cell-free systems have contributed much to our understanding of many important aspects of protein synthesis, e.g., the elucidation of RNA virus gene order and the mechanism of suppression of nonsense mutations. Cell-free systems have also been useful for studying the regulation of cellular polypeptide formation, notably the role of cAMP and its binding protein in the expression of the gal operon. Recently, eukaryotic cellular and viral mRNAs that contain 3’-terminal poly(A) have been purified by selective binding to oligo(dT)-cellulose or poly(U)-sepharose. In addition, many animal virus mRNAs can be prepared in large quantities in vitro by taking advantage of the respective virion-associated transcriptases, and several heterologous cell-free systems synthesize authentic viral and cellular proteins in response to these purified mRNAs. The potential of in vitro systems for studying eukaryotic gene expression is likely to continue to attract the interest and attention of increasing numbers of investigators. It therefore seems appropriate to consider some of the basic characteristics of the cell-free systems that are available as of June 1975, when this chapter was written, to summarize the results of current studies, and to discuss how future work on the in vitro translation of animal virus mRNAs may increase our knowledge of the biochemistry of animal virus multiplication and eukaryotic cell growth.

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  1. Roche Institute of Molecular Biology, Nutley, New Jersey, 07110, USA

    A. J. Shatkin, A. K. Banerjee & G. W. Both

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  1. Department of Molecular Biology and Virus Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA

    Heinz Fraenkel-Conrat

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    Robert R. Wagner

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Shatkin, A.J., Banerjee, A.K., Both, G.W. (1977). Translation of Animal Virus mRNAs in Vitro . In: Fraenkel-Conrat, H., Wagner, R.R. (eds) Comprehensive Virology 10. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-0832-4_1

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