Skip to main content

GH Effects on Cardiac Function

  • Chapter
Growth Hormone

Part of the book series: Endocrine Updates ((ENDO,volume 4))

Abstract

Although traditionally associated with regulation of somatic growth, body composition and metabolism, it has become increasingly evident that the GH/IGF-I axis is important for cardiac growth and function. Early observations in acromegalic patients included manifestations such as cardiomegaly. impaired cardiac performance and higher morbidity and mortality in cardiovascular diseases [1,2]. These findings together with more recent data of compromised cardiac function in adult patients with GH deficiency [3–5] have focused the attention to GH as a potentially important regulator of the cardiovascular system. Moreover, a recent study showing beneficial effects of GH treatment of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy has also led to the suggestion of GH as a possible future agent in the treatment of congestive heart failure [6].

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Courville C, Mason VR. The heart in acromegaly. Arch Intern Med 1938;61:704–713.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Bengtsson BÅ, Edén S, Ernest I, Odén A, Sjögren B. Epidemiology and longterm survival in acromegaly. A study of 166 cases diagnosed between 1955 and 1984. Acta Med Scand 1988;223:327–335.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Merola B, Cittadini A, Colao A, Longobardi S, Fazio S, Sabatini D, Saccà L, Lombardi G. Cardiac Structure and functional abnormalities in adult patients with growth hormone deficiency. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1993;77:1658–1661.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Amato G, CarellaC, Fazio S, La Montagna G, Cittadini A, Sabatini D, Marciano-Mone C, Saccà L, Bellastella A. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1993;77:1671–1676.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Caidahl K, Edén S, Bengtsson B-Å. Cardiovascular and renal effects of growth hormone. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1994;40:393–400.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Fazio S, Sabatini D, Capaldo B, Vigorito C, Giordano A, Guida R, Pardo F, Biondi B Saccà L. A preliminary study of growth hormone in the treatment of dilated cardiomyopathy. N Engl J Med 1996;334:809–814.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Friberg P, Folkow B, Nordlander M. Structural adaptation of the rat left ventricle in response to changes in pressure and volume loads. Acta Physiol Scand 1985;125:67–79.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Schunkert H, Jahn L, Izumo S, Apstein CS, Lorell BH. Localization and regulation of c-fos and c-jun proto-oncogene induction by systolic wall stress in normal and hypertrophied rat hearts. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1991;88:11480–11484.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Simpson PC. Role of proto-oncogenes in myocardial hypertrophy. Am J Cardiol. 1988;62:13G–19G.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Komuro I, Yazaki Y. Control of cardiac gene expression by mechanical stress. Annu Rev Physiol 1993;55:55–75.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Chien KR, Zhu H, Knowlton KU, Miller-Hance W, van Bilsen M, O’Brien TX, Evans SM. Transcriptional regulation during cardiac growth and development. Annu Rev Physiol 1993;55:77–95.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Friberg P, Isgaard J, Wåhlander H, Wickman A, Guron G, Adams MA. Cardiac hypertrophy and related growth processes: The role of Insulin-like growth factor I. Blood Pressure 1995;4 (suppl 2):22–29.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Murphy LJ, Bell GI, Duckworth L, Friesen G. Identification, characterization and regulation of a rat complimentary deoxyribonucleic acid which encodes insulin-like growth factor I. Endocrinology 1987;121:684–691.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Isgaard J, Nilsson A, Vikman K, Isaksson OGP. Growth hormone regulates the level of insulin-like growth factor I in rat skeletal muscle. J. EndocrinoL 1989;120:107–112.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. D’Ercole AJ, Stiles AD, Underwood LE. Tissue concentration of somatomedin-C: Further evidence for multiple sites of synthesis and paracrine or autocrine mechanisms of action. Proc Nati Acad Sci USA 1984;81:935–939.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Han VKM, D’Ercole AJ, Lund KP. Cellular localization of somatomedin (insulin-like growth factor) messenger RNA in the human fetus. Science 1987;236:193–197.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Donohue TJ, Dworkin LD, Lango MN, Fliegner K, Lango RP, Benstein JA, Slater WR, Catanese VM. Induction of myocardial insulin-like growth factor I gene expression in left ventricular hypertrophy. Circulation 1994;89:799–809.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Wåhlander H, Isgaard J, Jennische E, Friberg P. Left ventricular insulin-like growth factor I increases in early renal hypertension. Hypertension 1992;19:25–32.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Guron G, Friberg P, Wickman A, Brantsing C, Gabrielsson B, Isgaard J. Cardiac insulin-like growth factor I and growth hormone receptor expression in renal hypertension. Hypertension 1996;27 (part 2):636–642.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Mirsky J. Elastic properties of the myocardium: a quantitative approach with physiological and clinical applications. In: Handbook of Physiology. Chapter 14, Section 2, Volume I. American Physiological Society 1979:497–531.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Isgaard J, Wåhlander H, Adams MA, Friberg P. Increased expression of growth hormone receptor mRNA and insulin-like growth factor I mRNA in volume overloaded hearts. Hypertension 1994;23:884–888.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Russell-Jones DL, Leach RM, Ward JPT, Thomas CR Insilin-like growth factor-I gene expression is increased in the right ventricle hypertrophy induced by chronic hypoxia in the rat. J. Endocrinol. 1993;10:99–102.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Reiss K, Meggs LG, Li P, Olivetti G, Capasso JM, Anversa P. Upregulation of IGF-I IGF-I receptor and late growth related genes in ventricular myocytes acutely after infarction in rats. J Cell Physiol 1994;158:160–168.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Delafontaine P. Insulin-like growth factor I and its binding proteins in the cardiovascular system. Card Vasc Res 1995;30:825–834.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Chen Y, Arner A, Bornfeldt KE, Uvelius B, Arnqvist HJ. Development of smooth muscle cell hypertrophy is closely associated with increased gene expression of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-2 and-4. Growth Regulation 1995;5:45–52.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Mathews LS, Engerg B, Norstedt G. Regulation of rat GH receptor gene expression. Biol Chem. 1989;264:9905–9910.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Ymer SI & Herington AC. Developmental expression of the growth hormone receptor gene in rabbit tissues. Mol Cell Endocrinol 1992;83:39–49.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Cittadini A, Strömer H, Katz SE, Clark R, Moses AC, Morgan JP, Douglas PS. Differential cardiac effects of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-I in the rat. A combined in vivo and in vitro evaluation. Circulation 1996;93:800–809

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Yang R, Bunting S, Gillett N, Clark R, Jin H. Growth improves cardiac performance in experimental performance. Circulation 1995;92:262–267.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Duerr RL, Huang S, Miraliakbar HR, Clark R, Chien KR, Ross Jr J. Insulin-like growth factor-1 enhances ventricular hypertrophy and function during the onset of experimental cardiac failure. J Clin Invest 1995;95:619–627.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Isgaard J, Kujacic V, Jermische E, Holmäng A, Sun XY, Hedner T, Hjalmarson Å, Bengtsson B-Å Growth hormone improves cardiac function in rats with experimental myocardial infarction. Eur J Clin Invest 1997;27:517–525

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Jin H, Yang R, Gillett N, Clark RG, Ko A, Paoni NF. Beneficial effects of growth hormone and insulin-like factor-1 in experimental heart failure in rats treated with chronic ACE inhibition. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1995;26:420–425.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Shen YT, Wiedmann RT, Lynch JJ, Grossman W, Johnson RG. GH replacement fails to improve ventricular fonction in hypophysectomized rats with myocardiai infarction. Am J Physiol 1996;271:H1721–H1727

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Cittadini A, Grossman J, Napoli R, Katz S, Strömer H, Smith R, Clark R, Morgan JP, Douglas P. Growth hormone attenuates early ventricular remodeling and improves cardiac function in rats with large myocardiai infarction. J Am College Cardiol 1997;29:1109–1116

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Cuneo RC, Wilmshurst P, Lowy C, McGauley G, Sönksen PH. Cardiac failure responding to growth hormone. Lancet 1989;1:838–839

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Frustaci A, Perrone GA, Gentiloni N, Russo MA. Reversible dilated cardiomyopathy due to growth hormone deficiency. Am J Clin Pathol 1992;97:503–511

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. O’Driscoll JG, Green DJ, Ireland M, Kerr D, Larbalestier RI. Treatment of endstage cardiac Mure with growth hormone. Lancet 1997;349:1068–1068

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Volterrani M, Desenzani P, Lorusso R, d’Aloia A, Manelli F, Giustina A. Hemodynamic effects of intravenous growth hormone in congestive heart failure. Lancet 1997;349:1067–1068

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Beer N, Tortoledo F, Beer R, Pinedo M. Beneficial effects of growth hormone in patients with congestive heart failure. Abstract ”Heart Failure’ 97, Cologne Germany 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  40. Turner H, Wass JAH. Growth hormone in the treatment of dilated cardiomyopathy. Letter to the Editor, N Engl J Med 1996;335:672–672

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Frustaci A, Gentiloni N, Russo MA. Growth hormone in the treatment of dilated cardiomyopathy. Letter to the editor, N Engl J Med 1996;335:672–673

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Isgaard J, Bergh C-H, Caidahl K, Lomsky M, Hjalmarson Å, Bengtsson B-Å. A placebo controlled study of growth hormone in patients with congestive heart failure. Submitted Lancet

    Google Scholar 

  43. Mayoux E, Ventura-Clapier R, Timsit J, Béhar-Cohen F, Hoffman C, Mercadier J-J. Mechanical properties of rat cardiac skinned fibers are altered by chronic growth hormone hypersecretion. Circ Res 1993;72:57–64.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Strömer H, Cittadini A, Douglas PS, Morgan JP. Exogenously administered growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-I alter intracellular Ca2+handling and enhance cardiac performance. In vitro evaluation in the isolated isovolumic buffer-perfused rat heart. Circ Res 1996;79:227–236.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Ito H, Hiroe M, Hirata Y, Tsujino M, Adachi S, Shichini M, Koike A, Nogami A, Marumo F. Insulin-like growth factor-I induces hypertrophy with enhanced expression of muscle-specific genes in cultured rat cardiomyocytes. Circulation 1993;87:1715–1721.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Donath MY, Zapf J, Eppenberger-Eberhardt M, Froesch ER, Eppenberger HM. Insulin-like growth factor I stimulates myofibril development and decreases smooth muscle I-actin of adult cardiomyocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1994;91:1686–1690.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Saraste A, Pullkki K, Kallajoki, M, Henriksen K, Parvinen M, Voipio-Pulki LM. Apoptosis in human acute myocardiai infarction. Circulation 1997;95:320–323

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Narula J, Haider N, Virmani R, DiSalvo, TG, Kolodgie FD, Hajjar RJ, Schmidt U, Semigran MJ, Dec GW, Khaw BA. Apoptosis in myocytes in end-stage heart Mure. N Engl J Med 1996;335-1182–1189

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Itoh N, Yonehara S, Ishii A, Yonehara M, Mizushima SI, Sameshima M, Hase A, Seto Y, Nagata S. The Polypeptide encoded by the cDNA for human cell surface antigen Fas can mediate apoptosis. Cell 1991;66:233–243

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Nagata S, Golstein P. The Fas death factor. Science 1995;267:1449–1456

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Kajstura J, Cheng W, Reiss K, Clark WA, Sonnenblick EH, Krajewski S, Reed JC, Olivetti G, Anversa P. Apoptotic and necrotic myocyte cell deaths are independent contributing variables of infarct size in rats. Lab Invest 1996;74:86–107

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Buerke M, Mohara T, Skurk C, Nuss C, Tomaselli K, Lefer AM. Cardioprotective effect of insulin-like growth factor-I in myocardial ischemia followed by reperfusion. Proc Natl Acad Sci (USA) 1995;92:8031–8035

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Tivesten Å, Matejka G, Caidahl K, Brantsing C, Sun XY, Bengtsson B-Å, Hedner T, Isgaard J. Growth hormone and IGF-I effects on cardiac function and regulation of the Fas receptor in rats with experimental myocardial infarction. Abstract # Pl-126, 79th Annual Meeting of the Endocrine Society, June 11-14 1997, Minneapolis, USA

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1999 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Isgaard, J. (1999). GH Effects on Cardiac Function. In: Bengtsson, BÅ. (eds) Growth Hormone. Endocrine Updates, vol 4. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5163-8_16

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5163-8_16

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-7351-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-5163-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics