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Mycorrhizal Biology pp 197–215Cite as

Mass Production of VAM Fungus Biofertilizer

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Abstract

Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi are symbiotic soil fungi which colonize the roots of approximately 80% of plant families (Harley and Harley, 1987). They impart to their hosts a variety of benefits which include increased growth and yield due to enhanced nutrient acquisition (Diederichs and Moawad, 1993; Mosse, 1973), water relations (Davies et al. 1993; Subramanian et al. 1995), pH tolerance (Clark and Zeto, 1996; Maddox and Soileau, 1991), and disease and pest resistance (Lopez et al. 1997; Mark and Cassells, 1996; Newsham et al. 1995; Trotta et al. 1996). The most common beneficial effect of mycorrhizae is increased uptake of immobile nutrients, notably P, from soil (Bolan, 1991). The extraradical mycelium of the mycorrhizal fungus acts in effect as an extension of the root system, more thoroughly exploring the soil volume. The P depletion zone around a non-mycorrhizal root extends to only 1-2 mm, approximately the length of a root hair (Li et al. 1991) whereas extra radical hyphae of VAM fungi extend 8 cm or more beyond the root making the P in this greater volume of soil available to the host (Rhodes and Gerdemann, 1975).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. USDA-ARS ERRC, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA, 19038, USA

    David D. Douds Jr.

  2. Tata Energy Research Institute, Habitat Place, Lodi Road, New Delhi, 110003, India

    Vijay Gadkar & Alok Adholeya

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  1. David D. Douds Jr.
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  2. Vijay Gadkar
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  3. Alok Adholeya
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Delhi, Delhi, India

    K. G. Mukerji  & B. P. Chamola  & 

  2. Environmental Buildings Solution, Ltd., Dunstable, UK

    Jagjit Singh

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Douds, D.D., Gadkar, V., Adholeya, A. (2000). Mass Production of VAM Fungus Biofertilizer. In: Mukerji, K.G., Chamola, B.P., Singh, J. (eds) Mycorrhizal Biology. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4265-0_13

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