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Role of Uropontin in Urinary Calcium Stone Formation

  • Chapter
Urolithiasis 2

Abstract

Most stones formed in the urinary space are mineralized with calcium salts; the majority of these urinary calculi are composed principally of calcium oxalate1. Although normal urine is frequently supersaturated with respect to calcium oxalate, most humans do not form stones. The precise role of urinary inhibitors in the complex process of urinary stone formation that involves multiple factors is uncertain. The inhibitors of calcium oxalate crystal growth, nucleation and aggregation present in normal urine2-6 slow crystal growth and raise the concentration of calcium oxalate required for the spontaneous formation of new crystals. Protein macromolecules, rather than lower molecular weight moieties account for the majority of the inhibition of crystal growth observed in normal urine3. Even highly diluted normal urine will markedly decrease the growth of crystals in calcium oxalate solutions. The growth and aggregation of calcium oxalate crystals in vitro are significantly more inhibited by urine from normal subjects than from stone formers7, 8. New information concerning the molecular features of inhibitory proteins will provide the basis for better understanding their role(s) in stone formation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, University of Pennsylvania and The Children’s Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    J. R. Hoyer

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  1. J. R. Hoyer
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Flinders Medical Centre, South Australia, Australia

    Rosemary Ryall  & Villis R. Marshall  & 

  2. Institute of Medical and Veterinary Science, Adelaide, Australia

    Renze Bais  & Allan M. Rofe  & 

  3. Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA

    Lynwood H. Smith

  4. University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

    Valerie R. Walker

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© 1994 Springer Science+Business Media New York

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Hoyer, J.R. (1994). Role of Uropontin in Urinary Calcium Stone Formation. In: Ryall, R., Bais, R., Marshall, V.R., Rofe, A.M., Smith, L.H., Walker, V.R. (eds) Urolithiasis 2. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2556-1_94

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2556-1_94

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-6091-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-2556-1

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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