Skip to main content

Radiation Protection in Pediatric Nuclear Medicine

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Pediatric Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging

Abstract

The practice of pediatric nuclear medicine requires attention to detail with regard to radiation protection of the health professionals involved in acquiring the studies, the patients, and their families. Since performance of the studies may entail a more hands-on approach, particularly in very small children, those involved in acquiring the studies often need to be closer to the patient than would be the case in adult nuclear medicine. For example, a bone scan in a smaller child may require two technologists where one helps with the immobilization of the patient while the other acquires the study. In this instance, not only are two technologists involved with a single patient, but one may need to hold the radioactive patient in order to acquire the required view to make the clinical decision. In addition, if sedation or anesthesia is necessary to complete the study, other health professionals such as nurses and anesthesiologists may need to be in the imaging room with the radioactive patient. Lastly, there may be some studies such as ictal brain SPECT where the patient is injected remotely from the nuclear medicine clinic which may present unique radiation protection considerations.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 109.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 139.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 199.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Committee to Assess Health Risks from Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation, National Research Council. Health risks from exposure to low levels of ionizing radiation: BEIR VII phase 2. Washington, DC: National Research Council of the National Academies; 2006.

    Google Scholar 

  2. U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Code of Federal Regulations. Standards for protection against radiation. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office: 10 CFR Part 20; 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  3. U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Code of Federal Regulations. Medical use of byproduct material. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office: 10 CFR Part 35; 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Consolidated Guidance About Materials Licenses: Program - Specific Guidance About Medical Use Licenses. U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. NUREG-1556, Volume 9, Rev.1 - Program Specific Guidance about Medical Licensees. 2005.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Consolidated Guidance About Materials Licenses: Program-Specific Guidance About Licenses of Broad Scope. U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. NUREG-1556, Volume 11 - Program-Specific Guidance About Licenses of Broad Scope. 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Siegel JA. A guide for diagnostic nuclear medicine. Reston: Society of Nuclear Medicine; 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  7. U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Code of federal regulations. Notices, instructions and reports to workers: inspection and investigations. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office: 10 CFR Part 19; 1973.

    Google Scholar 

  8. ICRP Statement on Tissue Reactions, ICRP ref 4825-3093-1 464, International Commission on Radiation Protection, Ottawa. 2011.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Bouffler S, Ainsbury E, Gilvin P, Harrison J. Radiation-induced cataracts: the health protection agency’s response to the ICRP statement on tissue reactions and recommendation on the dose limit for the eye lens. J Radiol Prot. 2012;32:479–88.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Sans Merce M, Ruiz N, Barth I, Carnicer A, Donadille L, Ferrari P, Fulop M, Ginjaume M, Gualdrini G, Krim S, Mariotti F, Ortega X, Rimpler A, Vanhavere F, Baechler S. Extremity exposure in nuclear medicine: preliminary results of a European study. Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2011;144:515–20.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Guidelines for Patients Receiving I-131 Radiotherapy Treatment. Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging. http://interactive.snm.org/index.cfm?PageID=11220. 2011.

  12. Sisson JC, Freitas J, McDougall IR, Dauer LT, Hurley JR, Brierley JD, Edinboro CH, Rosenthal D, Thomas MJ, Wexler JA, Asamoah E, Avram AM, Milas M, Greenlee C. Radiation safety in the treatment of patients with thyroid diseases by radioiodine 131I: practice recommendations of the American Thyroid Association. Thyroid. 2011;21:335–46.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Instructions Concerning Prenatal Radiation Exposure. U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. NUREG-18.3. 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Gelfand MJ, Parisi MT, Treves ST. Pediatric radiopharmaceutical administered doses: 2010 North American Consensus guidelines. J Nucl Med. 2011;52:318–22.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Lassmann M, Biassoni L, Monsieurs M, Franzius C, Jacobs F. The new EANM paediatric dosage card. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2008;35:1748.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Fahey FH, Treves ST, Adelstein SJ. Minimizing and communicating risk in pediatric nuclear medicine. J Nucl Med. 2011;52:1240–51.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Frederic H. Fahey DSc .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2014 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Fahey, F.H., Lorenzen, W.A. (2014). Radiation Protection in Pediatric Nuclear Medicine. In: Treves, S. (eds) Pediatric Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9551-2_29

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9551-2_29

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4614-9550-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-9551-2

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics