Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Sleep Deprivation and Disease pp 77–87Cite as

Sleep Deprivation as a Therapy in Psychiatry

  • Chapter
  • First Online:

Abstract

Circadian rhythm and sleep research have led to non-pharmaceutical therapies of mood disorder that can be used in everyday practice. These clinical interventions, named chronotherapeutics, are based on controlled exposures to environmental stimuli that act on biological rhythms. Sleep deprivation (SD) is one of these interventions and directly targets the sleep–wake rhythm. The principal indication of therapeutic sleep deprivation is the presence of depression irrespective of the syndromal classification. The reported response rates to the treatment are similar to those observed with antidepressant drugs but sleep deprivation generally causes a transient antidepressant effect in most of the patients showing a relapse after a night of recovery sleep, even when a complete response has been achieved the evening before. In recent years, different methods for increasing and sustaining the efficacy of sleep deprivation via combinatorial strategies have been studied and nowadays sleep deprivation has been used by many psychiatrists and it could be considered the most rapid antidepressant available today.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   89.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   119.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Schulte W. Zum Priblem der provokation und kupierung von Melancholischen Phasen. Schweiz Arch Neurol Neurochir Psychiatr. 1971;109:427–35.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Pflug B, Tolle R. Therapy of endogenous depressions using sleep deprivation. Practical and theoretical consequences. Nervenarzt. 1971;42:117–24.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Leibenluft E, Wehr TA. Is sleep deprivation useful in the treatment of depression? Am J Psychiatry. 1992;149:159–68.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Wirz-Justice A, Benedetti F, Berger M, Lam RW, Martiny K, Terman M, Wu JC. Chronotherapeutics (light and wake therapy) in affective disorders. Psychol Med. 2005;35:939–44.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Benedetti F, Barbini B, Colombo C, Smeraldi E. Chronotherapeutics in a psychiatric ward. Sleep Med Rev. 2007;11:509–22.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Wu JC, Bunney WE. The biological basis of an antidepressant response to sleep deprivation and relapse: review and hypothesis. Am J Psychiatry. 1990;147:14–21.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Szuba MP, Baxter Jr LR, Fairbanks LA, Guze BH, Schwartz JM. Effects of partial sleep deprivation on the diurnal variation of mood and motor activity in major depression. Biol Psychiatry. 1991;30:817–29.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Barbini B, Colombo C, Benedetti F, Campori E, Bellodi L, Smeraldi E. The unipolar-bipolar dichotomy and the response to sleep deprivation. Psychiatry Res. 1998;79:43–50.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Benedetti F, Barbini B, Fulgosi MC, Colombo C, Dallaspezia S, Pontiggia A, Smeraldi E. Combined total sleep deprivation and light therapy in the treatment of drug-resistant bipolar depression: acute response and long-term remission rates. J Clin Psychiatry. 2005;66:1535–40.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Echizenya M, Suda H, Takeshima M, Inomata Y, Shimizu T. Total sleep deprivation followed by sleep phase advance and bright light therapy in drug-resistant mood disorders. J Affect Disord. 2012;144(1–2):28–33.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Kuhs H, Tolle R. Sleep deprivation therapy. Biol Psychiatry. 1991;29:1129–48.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Babson KA, Trainor CD, Feldner MT, Blumenthal H. A test of the effects of acute sleep deprivation on general and specific self-reported anxiety and depressive symptoms: an experimental extension. J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry. 2010;41:297–303.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Joffe RT, Swinson RP. Total sleep deprivation in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1988;77:483–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Roy-Byrne PP, Uhde TW, Post RM. Effects of one night’s sleep deprivation on mood and behavior in panic disorder. Patients with panic disorder compared with depressed patients and normal controls. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1986;43:895–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Fahndrich E. Effects of sleep deprivation on depressed patients of different nosological groups. Psychiatry Res. 1981;5:277–85.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Koranyi EK, Lehmann HE. Experimental sleep deprivation in schizophrenic patients. AMA Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1960;2:534–44.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Kuriyama K. Sleep medicine for the prevention of prolonged stress and posttraumatic stress disorder. Seishin Shinkeigaku Zasshi. 2012;114:136–43.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Delva NJ, Woo M, Southmayd SE, Hawken ER. Myocardial infarction during sleep deprivation in a patient with dextrocardia—a case report. Angiology. 2001;52:83–6.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Suh SY, Kim JW, Choi CU, Kim EJ, Rha SW, Park CG, Seo HS, Oh DJ. Spontaneous coronary dissection associated with sleep deprivation presenting with acute myocardial infarction. Int J Cardiol. 2007;115:e78–9.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Nakken KO, Solaas MH, Kjeldsen MJ, Friis ML, Pellock JM, Corey LA. Which seizure-precipitating factors do patients with epilepsy most frequently report? Epilepsy Behav. 2005;6:85–9.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Bertolucci PH, Andrade LA, Lima JG, Carlini EA. Total sleep deprivation and Parkinson disease. Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 1987;45:224–30.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Demet EM, Chicz-Demet A, Fallon JH, Sokolski KN. Sleep deprivation therapy in depressive illness and Parkinson’s disease. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 1999;23:753–84.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Hogl B, Peralta C, Wetter TC, Gershanik O, Trenkwalder C. Effect of sleep deprivation on motor performance in patients with Parkinson’s disease. Mov Disord. 2001;16:616–21.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Lauterbach EC. Sleep benefit and sleep deprivation in subgroups of depressed patients with Parkinson’s disease. Am J Psychiatry. 1994;151:782–3.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Benedetti F, Zanardi R, Colombo C, Smeraldi E. Worsening of delusional depression after sleep deprivation: case reports. J Psychiatr Res. 1999;33:69–72.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Elsenga S, Beersma D, Van den Hoofdakker RH. Total and partial sleep deprivation in clomipramine-treated endogenous depressives. J Psychiatr Res. 1990;24:111–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Fischer H, Tolle R, Telger K. Sleep deprivation: temporal aspects of partial sleep deprivation in the treatment of depression. Schweiz Arch Neurol Psychiatr. 1990;141:351–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Martiny K, Refsgaard E, Lund V, Lunde M, Sorensen L, Thougaard B, Lindberg L, Bech P. A 9-week randomized trial comparing a chronotherapeutic intervention (wake and light therapy) to exercise in major depressive disorder patients treated with duloxetine. J Clin Psychiatry. 2012;73:1234–42.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Riemann D, Wiegand M, Lauer CJ, Berger M. Naps after total sleep deprivation in depressed patients: are they depressiogenic? Psychiatry Res. 1993;49:109–20.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Hemmeter U, Bischof R, Hatzinger M, Seifritz E, Holsboer-Trachsler E. Microsleep during partial sleep deprivation in depression. Biol Psychiatry. 1998;43:829–39.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Gillin JC, Kripke DF, Janowsky DS, Risch SC. Effects of brief naps on mood and sleep in sleep-deprived depressed patients. Psychiatry Res. 1989;27:253–65.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Wiegand M, Riemann D, Schreiber W, Lauer CJ, Berger M. Effect of morning and afternoon naps on mood after total sleep deprivation in patients with major depression. Biol Psychiatry. 1993;33:467–76.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Vogel GW, Vogel F, McAbee RS, Thurmond AJ. Improvement of depression by REM sleep deprivation. New findings and a theory. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1980;37:247–53.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Grozinger M, Kogel P, Roschke J. Effects of REM sleep awakenings and related wakening paradigms on the ultradian sleep cycle and the symptoms in depression. J Psychiatr Res. 2002;36:299–308.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Schilgen B, Tolle R. Partial sleep deprivation as therapy for depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1980;37:267–71.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Goetze U, Tolle R. Antidepressive effect of partial sleep deprivation during the 1st half of the night. Psychiatr Clin (Basel). 1981;14:129–49.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Sack DA, Duncan W, Rosenthal NE, Mendelson WE, Wehr TA. The timing and duration of sleep in partial sleep deprivation therapy of depression. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1988;77:219–24.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Giedke H, Geilenkirchen R, Hauser M. The timing of partial sleep deprivation in depression. J Affect Disord. 1992;25:117–28.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Giedke H, Wormstall H, Haffner HT. Therapeutic sleep deprivation in depressives, restricted to the two nocturnal hours between 3:00 and 5:00. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 1990;14:37–47.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Wirz-Justice A, Van den Hoofdakker RH. Sleep deprivation in depression: what do we know, where do we go? Biol Psychiatry. 1999;46:445–53.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Van den Hoofdakker RH, Beersma DG. On the contribution of sleep wake physiology to the explanation and the treatment of depression. Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl. 1988;341:53–71.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Reinink E, Bouhuys AL, Gordijn MC, Van Den Hoofdakker RH. Prediction of the antidepressant response to total sleep deprivation of depressed patients: longitudinal versus single day assessment of diurnal mood variation. Biol Psychiatry. 1993;34:471–81.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Bouhuys AL, van den Burg W, van den Hoofdakker RH. The relationship between tiredness prior to sleep deprivation and the antidepressant response to sleep deprivation in depression. Biol Psychiatry. 1995;37:457–61.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Giedke H, Schwarzler F. Therapeutic use of sleep deprivation in depression. Sleep Med Rev. 2002;6:361–77.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Nissen C, Feige B, Konig A, Voderholzer U, Berger M, Riemann D. Delta sleep ratio as a predictor of sleep deprivation response in major depression. J Psychiatr Res. 2001;35:155–63.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Kasper S, Moises HW, Beckmann H. Dexamethasone suppression test combined with total sleep deprivation in depressed patients. Psychiatr Clin (Basel). 1983;16:17–25.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Baumgartner A, Riemann D, Berger M. Neuroendocrinological investigations during sleep deprivation in depression. II. Longitudinal measurement of thyrotropin, TH, cortisol, prolactin, GH, and LH during sleep and sleep deprivation. Biol Psychiatry. 1990;28:569–87.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Lanquillon S, Krieg JC, Bening-Abu-Shach U, Vedder H. Cytokine production and treatment response in major depressive disorder. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2000;22:370–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. Sluzewska A, Sobieska M, Rybakowski JK. Changes in acute-phase proteins during lithium potentiation of antidepressants in refractory depression. Neuropsychobiology. 1997;35:123–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. Benedetti F, Lucca A, Brambilla F, Colombo C, Smeraldi E. Interleukine-6 serum levels correlate with response to antidepressant sleep deprivation and sleep phase advance. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2002;26:1167–70.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. Voderholzer U, Fiebich BL, Dersch R, Feige B, Piosczyk H, Kopasz M, Riemann D, Lieb K. Effects of sleep deprivation on nocturnal cytokine concentrations in depressed patients and healthy control subjects. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2012;24:354–66.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  52. Alesci S, Martinez PE, Kelkar S, Ilias I, Ronsaville DS, Listwak SJ, Ayala AR, Licinio J, Gold HK, Kling MA, Chrousos GP, Gold PW. Major depression is associated with significant diurnal elevations in plasma interleukin-6 levels, a shift of its circadian rhythm, and loss of physiological complexity in its secretion: clinical implications. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005;90:2522–30.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  53. Benedetti F, Bernasconi A, Blasi V, Cadioli M, Colombo C, Falini A, Lorenzi C, Radaelli D, Scotti G, Smeraldi E. Neural and genetic correlates of antidepressant response to sleep deprivation: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study of moral valence decision in bipolar depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2007;64:179–87.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. Benedetti F, Smeraldi E. Neuroimaging and genetics of antidepressant response to sleep deprivation: implications for drug development. Curr Pharm Des. 2009;15:2637–49.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  55. Benedetti F, Serretti A, Colombo C, Campori E, Barbini B, di Bella D, Smeraldi E. Influence of a functional polymorphism within the promoter of the serotonin transporter gene on the effects of total sleep deprivation in bipolar depression. Am J Psychiatry. 1999;156:1450–2.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  56. Benedetti F, Barbini B, Bernasconi A, Fulgosi MC, Colombo C, Dallaspezia S, Gavinelli C, Marino E, Pirovano A, Radaelli D, Smeraldi E. Serotonin 5-HT2A receptor gene variants influence antidepressant response to repeated total sleep deprivation in bipolar depression. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2008;32:1863–6.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  57. Benedetti F, Barbini B, Bernasconi A, Fulgosi MC, Dallaspezia S, Gavinelli C, Locatelli C, Lorenzi C, Pirovano A, Radaelli D, Smeraldi E, Colombo C. Acute antidepressant response to sleep deprivation combined with light therapy is influenced by the catechol-O-methyltransferase Val(108/158)Met polymorphism. J Affect Disord. 2010;121:68–72.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  58. Benedetti F, Serretti A, Colombo C, Lorenzi C, Tubazio V, Smeraldi E. A glycogen synthase kinase 3-beta promoter gene single nucleotide polymorphism is associated with age at onset and response to total sleep deprivation in bipolar depression. Neurosci Lett. 2004;368:123–6.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  59. Benedetti F, Dallaspezia S, Lorenzi C, Pirovano A, Radaelli D, Locatelli C, Poletti S, Colombo C, Smeraldi E. Gene-gene interaction of glycogen synthase kinase 3-beta and serotonin transporter on human antidepressant response to sleep deprivation. J Affect Disord. 2011;136:514–9.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  60. Kvist J, Kirkegaard C. Effect of repeated sleep deprivation on clinical symptoms and the TRH test in endogenous depression. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1980;62:494–502.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  61. Benedetti F, Colombo C. Sleep deprivation in mood disorders. Neuropsychobiology. 2011;64:141–51.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  62. Holsboer-Trachsler E, Hemmeter U, Hatzinger M, Seifritz E, Gerhard U, Hobi V. Sleep deprivation and bright light as potential augmenters of antidepressant drug treatment–neurobiological and psychometric assessment of course. J Psychiatr Res. 1994;28:381–99.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  63. Benedetti F, Barbini B, Campori E, Colombo C, Smeraldi E. Dopamine agonist amineptine prevents the antidepressant effect of sleep deprivation. Psychiatry Res. 1996;65:179–84.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  64. Szuba MP, Baxter Jr LR, Altshuler LL, Allen EM, Guze BH, Schwartz JM, Liston EH. Lithium sustains the acute antidepressant effects of sleep deprivation: preliminary findings from a controlled study. Psychiatry Res. 1994;51:283–95.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  65. Benedetti F, Barbini B, Bernasconi A, Fulgosi MC, Campori E, Colombo C, Dallaspezia S, Lorenzi C, Pontiggia A, Radaelli D, Smeraldi E. Lithium overcomes the influence of 5-HTTLPR gene polymorphism on antidepressant response to sleep deprivation. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2008;28:249–51.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  66. Wehr TA, Rosenthal NE, Sack DA, Gillin JC. Antidepressant effects of sleep deprivation in bright and dim light. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1985;72:161–5.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  67. Neumeister A, Goessler R, Lucht M, Kapitany T, Bamas C, Kasper S. Bright light therapy stabilizes the antidepressant effect of partial sleep deprivation. Biol Psychiatry. 1996;39:16–21.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  68. Colombo C, Lucca A, Benedetti F, Barbini B, Campori E, Smeraldi E. Total sleep deprivation combined with lithium and light therapy in the treatment of bipolar depression: replication of main effects and interaction. Psychiatry Res. 2000;95:43–53.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  69. Loving RT, Kripke DF, Shuchter SR. Bright light augments antidepressant effects of medication and wake therapy. Depress Anxiety. 2002;16:1–3.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  70. van den Burg W, Bouhuys AL, van den Hoofdakker RH, Beersma DG. Sleep deprivation in bright and dim light: antidepressant effects on major depressive disorder. J Affect Disord. 1990;19:109–17.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  71. Albert R, Merz A, Schubert J, Ebert D. Sleep deprivation and subsequent sleep phase advance stabilizes the positive effect of sleep deprivation in depressive episodes. Nervenarzt. 1998;69:66–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  72. Berger M, Vollmann J, Hohagen F, Konig A, Lohner H, Voderholzer U, Riemann D. Sleep deprivation combined with consecutive sleep phase advance as a fast-acting therapy in depression: an open pilot trial in medicated and unmedicated patients. Am J Psychiatry. 1997;154:870–2.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  73. Riemann D, Konig A, Hohagen F, Kiemen A, Voderholzer U, Backhaus J, Bunz J, Wesiack B, Hermle L, Berger M. How to preserve the antidepressive effect of sleep deprivation: a comparison of sleep phase advance and sleep phase delay. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 1999;249:231–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  74. Wu JC, Kelsoe JR, Schachat C, Bunney BG, DeModena A, Golshan S, Gillin JC, Potkin SG, Bunney WE. Rapid and sustained antidepressant response with sleep deprivation and chronotherapy in bipolar disorder. Biol Psychiatry. 2009;66:298–301.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  75. Benedetti F, Barbini B, Campori E, Fulgosi MC, Pontiggia A, Colombo C. Sleep phase advance and lithium to sustain the antidepressant effect of total sleep deprivation in bipolar depression: new findings supporting the internal coincidence model? J Psychiatr Res. 2001;35:323–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  76. Stone M, Laughren T, Jones ML, Levenson M, Holland PC, Hughes A, Hammad TA, Temple R, Rochester G. Risk of suicidality in clinical trials of antidepressants in adults: analysis of proprietary data submitted to US Food and Drug Administration. BMJ. 2009;339:b2880.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  77. Baving L, Maes H, Bohus M, Lis S, Krieger S, Olbrich H, Berger M. Can negative self-schemes in depressives be altered through sleep deprivation? J Affect Disord. 1997;42:93–101.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  78. Wehr TA, Goodwin FK, Wirz-Justice A, Breitmaier J, Craig C. 48-hour sleep-wake cycles in manic-depressive illness: naturalistic observations and sleep deprivation experiments. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1982;39:559–65.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  79. Peet M. Induction of mania with selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors and tricyclic antidepressants. Br J Psychiatry. 1994;164:549–50.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  80. Frye MA, Helleman G, McElroy SL, Altshuler LL, Black DO, Keck Jr PE, Nolen WA, Kupka R, Leverich GS, Grunze H, Mintz J, Post RM, Suppes T. Correlates of treatment-emergent mania associated with antidepressant treatment in bipolar depression. Am J Psychiatry. 2009;166:164–72.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  81. Wirz-Justice A, Benedetti F, Terman M. Chronotherapeutics for affective disorders A clinician’s manual for light and wake therapy. Basel: Karger; 2009.

    Google Scholar 

  82. Kruger S, Trevor Young L, Braunig P. Pharmacotherapy of bipolar mixed states. Bipolar Disord. 2005;7:205–15.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  83. Basheer R, Bauer A, Elmenhorst D, Ramesh V, McCarley RW. Sleep deprivation upregulates A1 adenosine receptors in the rat basal forebrain. Neuroreport. 2007;18:1895–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  84. Conti B, Maier R, Barr AM, Morale MC, Lu X, Sanna PP, Bilbe G, Hoyer D, Bartfai T. Region-specific transcriptional changes following the three antidepressant treatments electro convulsive therapy, sleep deprivation and fluoxetine. Mol Psychiatry. 2007;12:167–89.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  85. Wirz-Justice A, Tobler I, Kafka MS, Naber D, Marangos PJ, Borbely AA, Wehr TA. Sleep deprivation: effects on circadian rhythms of rat brain neurotransmitter receptors. Psychiatry Res. 1981;5:67–76.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  86. Benedetti F, Colombo C, Serretti A, Lorenzi C, Pontiggia A, Barbini B, Smeraldi E. Antidepressant effects of light therapy combined with sleep deprivation are influenced by a functional polymorphism within the promoter of the serotonin transporter gene. Biol Psychiatry. 2003;54:687–92.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  87. Gerner RH, Post RM, Gillin JC, Bunney Jr WE. Biological and behavioral effects of one night’s sleep deprivation in depressed patients and normals. J Psychiatr Res. 1979;15:21–40.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  88. Ebert D, Feistel H, Kaschka W, Barocka A, Pirner A. Single photon emission computerized tomography assessment of cerebral dopamine D2 receptor blockade in depression before and after sleep deprivation–preliminary results. Biol Psychiatry. 1994;35:880–5.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  89. Ressler KJ, Nemeroff CB. Role of serotonergic and noradrenergic systems in the pathophysiology of depression and anxiety disorders. Depress Anxiety. 2000;12 Suppl 1:2–19.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  90. Salomon RM, Delgado PL, Licinio J, Krystal JH, Heninger GR, Charney DS. Effects of sleep deprivation on serotonin function in depression. Biol Psychiatry. 1994;36:840–6.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  91. Grossman GH, Mistlberger RE, Antle MC, Ehlen JC, Glass JD. Sleep deprivation stimulates serotonin release in the suprachiasmatic nucleus. Neuroreport. 2000;11:1929–32.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  92. Zant JC, Leenaars CH, Kostin A, Van Someren EJ, Porkka-Heiskanen T. Increases in extracellular serotonin and dopamine metabolite levels in the basal forebrain during sleep deprivation. Brain Res. 2011;1399:40–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  93. Parekh PI, Ketter TA, Altshuler L, Frye MA, Callahan A, Marangell L, Post RM. Relationships between thyroid hormone and antidepressant responses to total sleep deprivation in mood disorder patients. Biol Psychiatry. 1998;43:392–4.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  94. Szuba MP, Altshuler LL, Baxter Jr LR. Thyroid function and partial sleep deprivation response. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1992;49:581–2.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  95. Benedetti F, Calabrese G, Bernasconi A, Cadioli M, Colombo C, Dallaspezia S, Falini A, Radaelli D, Scotti G, Smeraldi E. Spectroscopic correlate of antidepressant response to sleep deprivation and light therapy: a 3.0 T study of bipolar depression. Psychiatry Res. 2009;173(3):238–42.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  96. Vyazovskiy VV, Cirelli C, Pfister-Genskow M, Faraguna U, Tononi G. Molecular and electrophysiological evidence for net synaptic potentiation in wake and depression in sleep. Nat Neurosci. 2008;11:200–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  97. Grimes CA, Jope RS. The multifaceted roles of glycogen synthase kinase 3beta in cellular signaling. Prog Neurobiol. 2001;65:391–426.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  98. Martinek S, Inonog S, Manoukian AS, Young MW. A role for the segment polarity gene shaggy/GSK-3 in the drosophila circadian clock. Cell. 2001;105:769–79.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  99. Deboer T, Vansteensel MJ, Detari L, Meijer JH. Sleep states alter activity of suprachiasmatic nucleus neurons. Nat Neurosci. 2003;6:1086–90.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  100. Tononi G, Cirelli C. Sleep and synaptic homeostasis: a hypothesis. Brain Res Bull. 2003;62:143–50.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  101. Mongrain V, La Spada F, Curie T, Franken P. Sleep loss reduces the DNA-binding of BMAL1, CLOCK, and NPAS2 to specific clock genes in the mouse cerebral cortex. PLoS One. 2011;6:e26622.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  102. Bunney BG, Bunney WE. Mechanisms of rapid antidepressant effects of sleep deprivation therapy: clock genes and circadian rhythms. Biol Psychiatry. 2012;73(12):1164–71.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy

    Sara Dallaspezia M.D. & Francesco Benedetti M.D.

Authors
  1. Sara Dallaspezia M.D.
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Francesco Benedetti M.D.
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sara Dallaspezia M.D. .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurology Sleep Division, Harvard Medical School Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

    Matt T. Bianchi

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2014 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Dallaspezia, S., Benedetti, F. (2014). Sleep Deprivation as a Therapy in Psychiatry. In: Bianchi, M. (eds) Sleep Deprivation and Disease. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9087-6_7

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9087-6_7

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4614-9086-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-9087-6

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation