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The Development of Techniques for Airway Management

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The Wondrous Story of Anesthesia

Abstract

For a century, gauze masks served as the vehicle for vaporizing ether and chloroform. The anesthetist controlled anesthesia by regulating the drops of anesthetic applied to the gauze. Solid masks (leather, metal, rubber, and modern disposable plastic masks) fitted to the face allowed a more controlled delivery of anesthetic from vaporizers and gas flowmeters. Ventilation and anesthetic delivery require an unobstructed airway. In 1873, Heiberg suggested jaw thrust, and in 1880, Howard added head tilt and extension. Artificial airways, tubes introduced through the nose (Faure 1859) or mouth (Hewitt 1908) replaced tongue forceps that might draw the tongue forward but also often damaged the tongue. Guedel and Waters produced the modern oropharyneal airway in the 1930s, and Shipway introduced a cuffed oropharyngeal airway in 1935, predating Brain’s 1983 laryngeal mask airway. Tracheal intubation provided a more secure airway. In 1796, Herholdt and Rafn used blind digitally-guided tracheal intubation to resuscitate drowning victims. Babbington viewed the glottis in 1829 by indirect laryngoscopy.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA

    Carin A. Hagberg MD, Amna A. Ghouse MD & Dawn G. Iannucci BA, CCRC

  2. School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA

    Dawn G. Iannucci BA, CCRC

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  1. Carin A. Hagberg MD
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  2. Amna A. Ghouse MD
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  3. Dawn G. Iannucci BA, CCRC
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Correspondence to Carin A. Hagberg MD .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

    Edmond I Eger II MD Emeritus Professor

  2. Departments of Anesthesia, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA

    Lawrence J. Saidman MD Emeritus Professor

  3. Geoffrey Kaye Museum of Anaesthetic History, Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists, Melbourne, VIC, Australia

    Rod N. Westhorpe OAM, MB, BS FRCA, FANZCA Former Honorary Curator

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© 2014 Edmond I Eger, MD

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Hagberg, C., Ghouse, A., Iannucci, D. (2014). The Development of Techniques for Airway Management. In: Eger II, E., Saidman, L., Westhorpe, R. (eds) The Wondrous Story of Anesthesia. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8441-7_54

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8441-7_54

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