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Thy-1 Modulates Neurological Cell–Cell and Cell–Matrix Interactions Through Multiple Molecular Interactions

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Cell Adhesion Molecules

Part of the book series: Advances in Neurobiology ((NEUROBIOL,volume 8))

Abstract

Thy-1, or CD90, is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-linked cell surface glycoprotein expressed on multiple cell types, including neurons, thymocytes, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, mesangial cells, and some hematopoietic and stromal stem cells. Thy-1 is developmentally regulated and evolutionarily conserved. Its cellular effects vary between and in some cases within cell types, tissues, and species, indicating that its biological role is context dependent. However, it most often seems to affect cell–cell or cell–matrix interactions and cellular adhesion and migration. In the nervous system, Thy-1 mediates bidirectional cell–cell communication, which modulates cell–matrix adhesion. Neurons express high levels of Thy-1, which interacts with αvβ3 integrin present in astrocytes and stimulates increased astrocyte adhesion to the underlying surface (trans signaling) and in neurites, the same ligand–receptor association triggers neurite retraction and inhibition of axonal growth (cis signaling). Although Thy-1 lacks a cytoplasmic domain, it affects multiple intracellular signaling cascades through interaction with a number of molecules within lipid raft microdomains. Improved understanding of how this enigmatic adhesion molecule modulates signaling and cell phenotype may yield novel insights into neurodevelopment and nerve recovery after injury.

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Acknowledgments

LL is supported by FONDECYT 1110149; Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Award Number 5R03TW007810; Iniciativas Científicas Milenio: Biomedical Neuroscience Institute P09-015-F; and Proyecto Anillo ACT 1111. JH is supported by NIH Awards HL082818 and HL111169.

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The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad de Chile, Independencia 1027, Independencia, Santiago, Región Metropolitana, 8380453, Chile

    Lisette Leyton Ph.D.

  2. Division of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Rady Children’s Hospital of San Diego, University of California-San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0731, La Jolla, 92019, CA, USA

    James S. Hagood M.D.

Authors
  1. Lisette Leyton Ph.D.
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  2. James S. Hagood M.D.
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Correspondence to James S. Hagood M.D. .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

    Vladimir Berezin

  2. Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

    Peter S. Walmod

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Leyton, L., Hagood, J.S. (2014). Thy-1 Modulates Neurological Cell–Cell and Cell–Matrix Interactions Through Multiple Molecular Interactions. In: Berezin, V., Walmod, P. (eds) Cell Adhesion Molecules. Advances in Neurobiology, vol 8. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8090-7_1

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