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Generation of Anterior Foregut Derivatives from Pluripotent Stem Cells

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Abstract

Directed differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells is a promising avenue to generate mature cell types for disease modeling, drug screening, and application in regenerative medicine. While efforts at specification and induction of several endodermal, mesodermal, and ectodermal lineages have resulted in significant progress, the derivation of anterior foregut endoderm, the most proximal section of the endoderm, has been challenging. However, several clinically important organs, including parathyroids, thymus, thyroid, and the respiratory system, are derived from the anterior foregut endoderm. Recently, important advances have been reported in the specification of anterior foregut endoderm from pluripotent stem cells. The subsequent differentiation of these cells into more mature tissues remains difficult; however, as developmental mechanisms underlying specification of several organs, domains in the anterior foregut endoderm, such as that of the thymus, are still unclear. We now review the development of anterior foregut-derived organs and recent progress in directed differentiation of anterior foregut endoderm and derived organs and tissues from pluripotent stem cells.

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  1. Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, 650W 168th Street, Room 1501E, New York, NY, 10032, USA

    Hans-Willem Snoeck M.D., Ph.D.

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  1. Hans-Willem Snoeck M.D., Ph.D.
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  1. New York State Health Department Wadsworth Center, Albany, New York, USA

    Stewart Sell

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Snoeck, HW. (2013). Generation of Anterior Foregut Derivatives from Pluripotent Stem Cells. In: Sell, S. (eds) Stem Cells Handbook. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7696-2_12

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