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Animal Models in Addiction Research

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Drug Abuse and Addiction in Medical Illness

Abstract

Animal models have provided valuable insights into the brain mechanisms of drug ­addiction, including the elucidation of neural substrates that support the primary reinforcing effects of widely abused drugs such as cocaine and heroin and the long-term consequences of drug addiction for neurocognitive functioning. In recent years, considerable progress has been made in developing animal models that closely resemble the clinical features of drug addiction according to published diagnostic guidelines especially in the domain of compulsive drug use which represents the final stage of a progressive series of neural and psychological alterations induced by chronic drug exposure. In this chapter, we review a number of animal models used in addiction research and discuss their relevance and explanatory utility to the different stages of the addiction cycle.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    A positive reinforcer is a stimulus that increases the probability of a behaviour which results in the presentation of the stimulus. Thus, addictive drugs act as positive reinforcers, supporting instrumental responses over prolonged periods of time.

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Acknowledgements

DB is funded by the INSERM, the IREB, the FRM and an INSERM AVENIR Grant, and this work was supported by the IREB. JW Dalley acknowledges support from the UK Medical Research Council. The authors would like to thank Pr Barry J. Everitt for insightful discussions and constructive comments on previous versions of this Ms.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. INSERM European Associated Laboratory Psychobiology of Compulsive Habits, Pôle PBS, bâtiment B36 1 rue Georges Bonnet, 86022, Poitiers, France

    David Belin

  2. Department of Experimental Psychology, Downing stress, CB2 3EB, Cambridge, UK

    David Belin

  3. INSERM U1084 -LNEC & University of Poitiers, Pôle Biologie Santé, 1 rue Georges Bonnet, 86022, Poitiers, Cedex

    David Belin

  4. Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Cambridge, Downing St, Cambridge, CB2 3EB, UK

    Jeffrey W. Dalley

  5. Department of Psychiatry, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, University of Cambridge, Hill’s Road, Cambridge, CB2 2QQ, UK

    Jeffrey W. Dalley

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  1. Inst. Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Psychopharmacology, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, Utrecht, 3584CG, Netherlands

    Joris C. Verster

  2. Dept. Psychiatry, Medical University of South Carolina, President St. 67, Charleston, 29425, South Carolina, USA

    Kathleen Brady

  3. School of Medicine, Div. Alcoholism & Drug Abuse, New York University, First Ave. 550, New York, 10016, New York, USA

    Marc Galanter

  4. Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, National Addiction Centre, Windsor Walk 4, London, SE5 8AF, United Kingdom

    Patricia Conrod

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Belin, D., Dalley, J.W. (2012). Animal Models in Addiction Research. In: Verster, J., Brady, K., Galanter, M., Conrod, P. (eds) Drug Abuse and Addiction in Medical Illness. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3375-0_6

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