Abstract
Intravenous regional anesthesia (IVRA) was first described in 1908 by Bier, who used procaine injected intravenously between two forearm tourniquets [1]. Holmes is credited with reintroducing the technique in 1963 [2]. More than 100 years after the original description, with some modifications, Bier’s technique is still used in modern anesthesia practice.
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Vokach-Brodsky, L. (2012). Intravenous Regional Anesthesia. In: Kaye, A., Urman, R., Vadivelu, N. (eds) Essentials of Regional Anesthesia. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-1013-3_22
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-1013-3_22
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