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Personality

Multivariate Systems Theory and Research

  • Chapter
Handbook of Multivariate Experimental Psychology

Part of the book series: Perspectives on Individual Differences ((PIDF))

Abstract

The study of personality as a scientific approach to developing an understanding of the causes of human behavior is still in its infancy. It was not until the turn of the century—Freud published his Interpretation of Dreams in 1900—that personality study as a scientific enterprise began. Despite the seemingly massive amount of work that has been done since that time in both theoretical development and empirical research, we do well to remind ourselves of the utter youth of the scientific study of personality. Consider that the first major theory of medicine was formulated by Hippocrates in the 4th century B.C. and dominated the field of medicine until the second century A.D. At that time Galen greatly updated medical knowledge and theory. He was able to distinguish between sensory and motor nerves and to place the mind in the brain, where Aristotle had placed it in the heart. The Galenian doctrine almost totally dominated medicine for a full 13 centuries after the death of the theorist. It was only then that Andreas Vesilus was able to show that Galenian theory was seriously incomplete and often inaccurate. Vesilus published his conclusion in 1543, the same year in which Copernicus demonstrated the inaccuracy of the centuries-old geocentric theory of the universe! These are sobering thoughts when we realize that the scientific study of personality has spanned less than a century.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, 20742, USA

    Barry D. Smith

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  1. Barry D. Smith
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA

    John R. Nesselroade

  2. University of Hawaii at Manoa, 96844, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA

    Raymond B. Cattell

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© 1988 Plenum Press, New York

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Smith, B.D. (1988). Personality. In: Nesselroade, J.R., Cattell, R.B. (eds) Handbook of Multivariate Experimental Psychology. Perspectives on Individual Differences. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0893-5_20

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0893-5_20

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