Abstract
This chapter briefly covers general considerations related to the selection, design, and construction of spillways for dams, focusing attention on the design measures required to ensure proper performance. Special attention is given to measures that should be taken to improve designs.
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References
General Considerations
Federal Emergency Management Agency, Federal Guidelines for Selecting and Accommodating Inflow Design Floods, 1985, 33 pp.
Committee on Safety Criteria for Dams, Water Science and Technology Board, Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems, National Research Council, Safety of Dams-Flood and Earthquake Criteria, 1st ed., National Academy Press, Washington, DC, 1985, 321 pp.
Special Design Considerations: Cavitation and Aeration
Vennard, J. K., “Nature of Cavitation,” Transactions ASCE, Vol. 112, “Cavitation in Hydraulic Structures-A Symposium,” pp. 2–15, New York, 1947.
Ball, J. W., “Hydraulic Characteristics of Gate Slots,” Discussions, Journal of the Hydraulic Division, ASCE, HY1, 1961.
Johnson, Virgil E., “Mechanics of Cavitation,” Journal of the Hydraulics Division, ASCE, pp. 251–275, May 1963.
Ball, J. W., “Cavitation from Surface Irregularities in High Velocity Flow,” Journal of the Hydraulics Division, ASCE, pp. 1283–1297, Sept. 1976.
Arndt, Roger E. A., “Discussions on “Cavitation from Surface Irregularities in High Velocity Flow,” by J. W. Ball,” Journal of the Hydraulics Division, ASCE, Vol. 103 (HY4), Apr. 1977.
Peterka, Alvin J., “The Effect of Entrained Air on Cavitation Pitting,” Joint Meeting Paper-IAHR-ASCE, Minneapolis, MN, Aug. 1953.
Rüssel, S. O., and Sheehan, G. J., “Effect of Entrained Air on Cavitation Damage,” Can. J. Civ. Eng., Vol. 1, Canada, 1974.
Semenkov, V. M., and Lentjaev, L. D., “Spillway Dams with Aeration of the Flow over Spillways,” A separate paper, International Commission on Large Dams, XI Congress, Madrid, 1973.
Campbell, Frank B., et al. “Boundary Layer Development and Spillway Energy Losses,” Journal of the Hydraulics Division, ASCE, Vol. 91 (HY3), Part 1, May 1965.
Wood, Ian R., Ackers, Peter, and Loveless, John, “General Methods for Critical Point on Spillways,” Journal of the Hydraulics Division, ASCE, Vol. 109, No. 2, Feb. 1983.
Wood, I. R., “Air Water Flows,” IAHR 21st Congress, Melbourne, Australia, Aug. 1985.
Pinto, N. L. de S., “Model Evaluation of Aerators in Shooting Flow,” Symposium on Scale Effects in Modelling Hydraulic Structures, TAE, IAHR, Esslingen, Sept. 3–6, 1984.
Pinto, N. L. de S., Neidert, S., Ota, J. J., “Aeration at High Velocity Flows,” Water Power and Dam Construction, Vol. 34, Nos. 2 and 3, pp. 34–38, 42–44, Feb. and Mar., 1982.
Karaki, S., et al., “Performance of Air Slots in High Velocity Chutes at Tarbela Tunnel Outlet Works,” A separate paper, Frontiers in Hydraulic Engineering, ASCE; MIT, BSE, Cambridge, MA, Aug. 9–12, 1983.
Quintela, S. C, “Flow Aeration to Prevent Cavitation Erosion,” Water Power and Dam Construction, No. 1, pp. 17–22, 1980.
Pinto, N. L. de S., and Neidert, S. H., “Evaluating Entrained Air Flow through Aerators,” Water Power and Dam Construction, No. 8, pp. 40–42, 1983.
Pinto, N. L. de S., and Neidert, S. H., “Model Prototype Conformity in Aerated Spillway Flow,” International Conference on Hydraulic Modelling of Civil Engineering Structures, BHRA, Coventry, 1982.
Pinto, N. L. de S., “Basic Hydraulics of Shooting Flows over Aerators,” ASCE Specialty Conference, Advancements in Aerodynamics, Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulics, Minneapolis, MN, June 3–6, 1986.
Straub, Lorens G., and Anderson, Alvin A. “Self-Aerated Flow in Open Channel,” Transactions ASCE, Vol. 125, 1960.
Galperin, R. S., Oskolkov, A. G., Semenkov, V. M., and Tsedrov, G. N., “Cavitation in Hydraulic Structures,” Energyia, Moscow, 1977.
Colgate, D. M., “Hydraulic Model Studies of Aeration Devices for Yellowtail Dam Spillway Tunnel,” REC-ERC-71-47, Bureau of Reclamation, Dec. 1971.
Special Design Considerations: Cavitation Protection of Spillway Crests
“General Spillway Investigations,” Technical Report HL85–1, U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, CE, Vicksburg, MS, Mar. 1985.
Special Design Considerations: Abrasion of Flow Surfaces
Burgi, P. H., “Hydraulic Model Studies of Canyon Ferry Dam Spillway Stilling Basin,” REC-ERC-74-27, U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, Dec. 1974.
Special Design Considerations: Channel Erosion
Doddiah, D., Albertson, M. L., and Thomas, R. A., “Scour from Jets,” Proceedings, Minnesota International Association for Hydraulic Research and Hydraulics Division, ASCE, Minneapolis, MN, p. 161, Aug. 1953.
Scimemi, Ettore, “Discussion of Paper ‘Model Study of Brown Canyon Debris Barrier’ by Bermeal and Sanks,” Transactions ASCE, Vol. 112, p. 1016, 1947.
Bureau of Reclamation, “Hydraulic Model Studies of Morrow Point Dam Spillway, Outlet Works and Powerplant Tailrace,” Report No. HYD-557, 1966.
Bureau of Reclamation, “Hydraulic Model Studies of the Pueblo Dam Spillway and Plunge Basin,” REC-ERC-71–18, 1971.
Bureau of Reclamation, “Hydraulic Model Studies of Crystal Dam Spillway and Outlet Works,” REC-ERC-72–01, 1972.
Hänsler, Erich, “Spillways and Outlets with High Energy Concentrations,” Transactions of the International Symposium on Layout of Dams in Narrow Gorges, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil, 1983.
Construction Considerations
Schrader, E. K., “The Use of Polymers in Concrete to Resist Cavitation Erosion Damage,” Second International Congress on Polymers in Concrete, University of Texas, Austin, TX, Oct. 1978.
Schrader, E. K., “Cavitation Resistance of Concrete Structures,” Proceedings of ASCE Hydraulics Conference, Aug. 1983.
Schrader, E. K., and Kaden, Richard A., “Stilling Basin Repairs at Dworshak Dam,” Journal of American Society of American Military Engineers, The Military Engineer, Vol. 68, No. 444, pp. 282–286, July–Aug. 1976.
“Fiber Reinforced Concrete,” Bulletin 40, International Commission on Large Dams, Paris, France, 1982.
“Erosion of Concrete in Hydraulic Structures,” Materials Journal, American Concrete Institute, Report 210, Detroit, MI, March-April, 1987.
Houghton, D. L., Borge, O. E., and Paxton, J. H., “Cavitation Resistance of Some Special Concretes,” American Concrete Institute Journal Proceedings, Vol. 75, No. 12, pp. 644–667, Dec. 1978.
Schrader, E. K., “Willow Creek Dam—The First Gravity Dam Designed and Built for RCC Methods,” Concrete International, Oct. 1982.
“Roller Compacted Concrete,” American Concrete Institute Report 207.5R, Detroit, MI, 1980.
Willow Creek Lake Supplement 1 to General Design Memorandum, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Walla Walla, WA, Vol. I, Dec. 1981.
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© 1988 Van Nostrand Reinhold
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Lowe, J., Regan, R.P., de S. Pinto, N.L., Scherich, E.T., Schrader, E.K. (1988). Spillway Design and Construction. In: Jansen, R.B. (eds) Advanced Dam Engineering for Design, Construction, and Rehabilitation. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0857-7_20
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0857-7_20
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