Abstract
Small doses of morphine (M), the classic agonist at opioid receptors, increase rats’ intake of alcoholic beverages. Naloxone (NX), the classic antagonist, decreases rats’ intake. Having firmly established these basic facts (for a review see [1]), the next set of questions revolve around issues of the generality and specificity of these effects. The small-dose-M-effect is not peculiar to one or two experimental arrangements, but is observed across a variety of experimental arrangements [1]. However, small doses of M increase and NX decrease a wide array of ingesta, with effects being more pronounced when the ingesta are at the more extreme ends of preference-aversion functions. So, these opioidergic effects, although robust [1], are not specific to alcoholic beverages [2].
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References
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Unterwald, E.M., & Zukin, R.S. In: Reid, L.D. (Ed.), Opioids, Bulimia, and Alcohol Abuse & Alcoholism. New York: Springer-Verlag, pp. 49–72, 1990.
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Nichols, M.L., Hubbell, C.L., Reid, L.D. (1992). Stereoselectivity of Opioids’ Effects on Intake of an Alcoholic Beverage. In: Naranjo, C.A., Sellers, E.M. (eds) Novel Pharmacological Interventions for Alcoholism. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2878-3_34
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2878-3_34
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