Abstract
The number of species found per unit area of land (species density) has a geographic pattern including a latitudinal gradient of density from the tropics to the polar regions (Stevens 1989). The great heterogeneity of habitat in the tropics led Mayr (1969) to conclude that differnt vegetation zones are the most important isolating barrier for tropical mainland bird. Vegetational refuges during the Pleistocene served as island in which isolated populations could speciate on the mainland.
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Kikkawa, J. (1997). Biogeographic Patterns of Avian Diversity in Australia. In: Abe, T., Levin, S.A., Higashi, M. (eds) Biodiversity. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-1906-4_2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-1906-4_2
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