Abstract
Let (X k) be a sequence of independent random variables, defined on a probability space (Ω,.F, P) and taking their values in a real, separable, Banach space (B, || ||) (that Banach space being equipped with its Borel σ — field B ). To that sequence (X k) one associates the partial sums : S n = X 1 + … + X n and the σ- fields F n generated by X 1,…, X n. One says that (X k) satisfies the weak law of large numbers (WLLN) if ( ||S n/n|| ) converges to 0 in probability; the strong law of large numbers (SLLN) holds for (X k) if (||S n/n||) converges a.s. to 0.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Chacon (R.V.), Sucheston (L.). — On convergence of vector-valued asymptotic martingales, Z. Wahrscheinlichkeitstheorie und verw. Gebiete, t. 33, 1975, p. 55–59.
Dam (B.K.). — On the strong law of large numbers for amarts, Eötvös Sect. Math., t. 33, 1990, p. 139–142.
Edgar (G.A.), Sucheston (L.). — Amarts. A class of asymptotic martingales. A. Discrete parameter, Journal of Multivariate Analysis, t. 6, 1976, p. 193–221.
Edgar (G.A.), Sucheston (L.). — Stopping times and directed processes. — Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1992.
Egghe (L.). — Stopping time techniques for analysts and probabilists. — Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1984.
Fuk (D. Kh.), Nav (S.V.). — Probability inequalities for sums of independent random variables, Theor. Probab. Appl., t. 16, 1971, p. 643–660.
Godbole, (A.P.). — Strong laws of large numbers and laws of the iterated logarithm in Banach spaces, Ph. D. Thesis of the Michigan State University, 1984.
Gut (A.), Schmidt (K.D.). — Amarts and Set Function Processes, Lecture Notes in Math. 1042, Berlin, Springer, 1983.
Heinkel (B.). — A law of large numbers for random vectors having large norms, Probability in Banach spaces 7, Oberwolfach 1988, p. 105–125, Progress in Probability 21, Boston, Birkhäuser, 1990.
Heinkel (B.). — On the Kolmogorov quasimartingale property, preprint, 1992.
Heinkel (B.). — A probabilistic property of the space ℓ 2 m, preprint, 1992.
Heinkel (B.). — When is \(\frac{ s_n p}{n p}\) an amart?, in preparation, 1993.
Hoffmann-Jørgensen (J.). — Sums of independent Banach space valued random variables, Studia Math., t. 52, 1974, p. 159–186.
Hoffmann-Jørgensen (J.), Pisier (G.). — The law of large numbers and the central limit theorem in Banach spaces, Ann. Probab., t. 4, 1976, p. 587–599.
Kolmogorov (A.). — Sur la loi forte des grands nombres, C.R. Acad. Sci. Paris, t. 191, 1930, p. 910–912.
Krengel (U.), Sucheston (L.). — Semiamarts and finite values, Bull. Amer. Math. Soc, t. 83, 1977, p. 745–747.
Kuelbs (J.), Zinn (J.). — Some stability results for vector valued random variables, Ann. Probab., t. 7, 1979, p. 75–84.
Ledoux (M.), Talagrand (M.). — Probability in Banach spaces. — Berlin, Springer, 1991.
Peligrad (M.). — Local convergence for sums of dependent random variables and the law of large numbers, Revue Roumaine de Mathematiques Pures et Appliquées, t. 25, 1980, p. 89–98.
Petrov (V.V.). — Sums of independent random variables. — Berlin, Springer, 1975.
Rao (M.M.). — Foundations of stochastic analysis. — New York, Academic Press, 1981.
Talagrand (M.). — Some structure results for martingales in the limit and pramarts, Ann. Probab., t. 13, 1985, p. 1192–1203.
Woyczynski (W.A.). — Geometry and martingales in Banach spaces, Probability Winter School, Proceedings Karpacz 1975, p. 229–275, Lecture Notes in Math. 472, Berlin, Springer, 1975.
Woyczynski (W.A.). — Asymptotic behavior of martingales in Banach spaces II, Martingale Theory in harmonic analysis and Banach spaces, Proceedings Cleveland 1981, p. 216–225, Lecture Notes in Math. 939, Berlin, Springer, 1982.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1994 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this paper
Cite this paper
Heinkel, B. (1994). Some Generalized Martingales Arising from the Strong Law of Large Numbers. In: Hoffmann-Jørgensen, J., Kuelbs, J., Marcus, M.B. (eds) Probability in Banach Spaces, 9. Progress in Probability, vol 35. Birkhäuser, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-0253-0_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-0253-0_6
Publisher Name: Birkhäuser, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-6682-2
Online ISBN: 978-1-4612-0253-0
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive