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Traumatic Brain Injury: Evidence-Based Medicine, Diagnosis, and Treatment

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Textbook of Neurointensive Care

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Abstract

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and disability worldwide. The initial trauma triggers a complex cascade of cellular and tissue changes with subsequent secondary injury of the vulnerable brain. Injury can result from derangements of multiple physiological parameters including blood pressure, intracranial pressure, oxygenation, and temperature. The monitoring and treatment of the multiple physiological derangements that can result after TBI are an important aspect of the intensive care management of this patient population, but the specific treatment thresholds for each variable and their relationship to outcome are varied. The focus of this chapter is on severe traumatic brain injury and its treatment with an emphasis on the recommendations from the guidelines of the Brain Trauma Foundation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Neurocritical Care, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, 177 Fort Washington Avenue, Milstein 8 Center Room 300, New York, NY, 10032, USA

    Andres Fernandez MD

  2. Neurocritical Care Division, Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1120 NW 14th Str, Suite 1358, Miami, FL, 33136, USA

    Kristine H. O’Phelan MD

  3. Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami/Jackson Memorial Hospital, 1095 NW 14th Terrace, Miami, FL, 33136, USA

    M. Ross Bullock MD, PhD

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  1. Andres Fernandez MD
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  2. Kristine H. O’Phelan MD
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  3. M. Ross Bullock MD, PhD
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Correspondence to M. Ross Bullock MD, PhD .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Geisinger Health System, Danville, Pennsylvania, USA

    A Joseph Layon

  2. Departments of Anesthesiology & Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA

    Andrea Gabrielli

  3. Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA

    William A. Friedman

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Fernandez, A., O’Phelan, K.H., Bullock, M.R. (2013). Traumatic Brain Injury: Evidence-Based Medicine, Diagnosis, and Treatment. In: Layon, A., Gabrielli, A., Friedman, W. (eds) Textbook of Neurointensive Care. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-5226-2_27

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