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Power Electronics for Renewable and Distributed Energy Systems pp 333–366Cite as

Battery Energy Storage System

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Part of the book series: Green Energy and Technology ((GREEN))

Abstract

This chapter discusses the various technical components of battery energy storage systems for utility-scale energy storage and how these technical components are interrelated. The introduction lists the basic types of large-scale storage and how storage can be used to mitigate the variability associated with renewable generation. It also provides an overview of how to define storage applications as primarily “power” or “energy” based. A basic description of how battery energy storage works is provided with several examples to illustrate how battery energy storage can be used in large-scale applications. A brief discussion of the various battery chemistries that are suited to large-scale applications is provided, as well as guidance on what factors to look for when trying to select an appropriate chemistry for a given application. An overview of how the storage system’s power electronics work is followed by a more detailed description of possible power electronic topologies and power electronic controls that are used to ensure that the system can be properly integrated with the generation source and, if necessary, the load. Battery management and battery monitoring via the power electronic controls is discussed briefly. This chapter concludes with a detailed example of battery energy storage system integration that is summarized with data obtained in the field.

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Abbreviations

BES:

Battery energy storage

BESS:

Battery energy storage system

BEWAG:

Berliner Kraft- und Licht

BMS:

Battery management system

CAES:

Compressed air energy storage

CREW:

Continuous Reliability Enhancement for Wind

CSI:

Current-source inverter

DQ:

Direct/quadrature

EC:

Electrochemical capacitor

EMI:

Electromagnetic interference

EPRI:

Electric Power Research Institute

FACTS:

Flexible AC transmission systems

FESS:

Flywheel energy storage system

GNB:

Gould National Battery

GTO:

Gate turn-off thyristor

GVEA:

Golden Valley Electric Association

HVDC:

High voltage direct current

IGBT:

Insulated-gate bipolar transistor

LCL:

Inductance-capacitance-inductance

LCR:

Inductance-capacitance-resistor

ORAP:

Operational reliability analysis program

PCC:

Point of common coupling

PCS:

Power conversion system

PH:

Pumped hydro

PI:

Proportional integral

PREPA:

Puerto Rico Electric Power Authority

PSOC:

Partial state of charge

PV:

Photovoltaic

PWM:

Pulse-width modulation

RMS:

Root mean square

SCR:

Silicon-controlled rectifier

SLI:

Starting, lighting, and ignition

SMES:

Superconducting magnetic energy storage

SOC:

State of charge

SOH:

State of health

VAR:

Volt-ampere reactive

VRB:

Vanadium redox flow

VSI:

Voltage-source inverter

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Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge support for this work from Dr. Imre Gyuk and the Energy Storage Program in the Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability at the US Department of Energy.

Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy’s National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Sandia National Laboratories, 5800, MS0734, Albquerque, NM, 87185, USA

    Stan Atcitty, Jason Neely, David Ingersoll, Abbas Akhil & Karen Waldrip

Authors
  1. Stan Atcitty
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  2. Jason Neely
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  3. David Ingersoll
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  4. Abbas Akhil
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  5. Karen Waldrip
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Stan Atcitty .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. , MS ESIF200, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Denver West Parkway 15013, Golden, 80401, Colorado, USA

    Sudipta Chakraborty

  2. , Electrical Engineering & Computer Sci, Colorado School of Mines, Illinois Street 1610, Golden, 80401-1887, USA

    Marcelo G. Simões

  3. , MS ESIF200, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Denver West Parkway 15013, Golden, 80401, USA

    William E. Kramer

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© 2013 Springer-Verlag London

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Atcitty, S., Neely, J., Ingersoll, D., Akhil, A., Waldrip, K. (2013). Battery Energy Storage System. In: Chakraborty, S., Simões, M., Kramer, W. (eds) Power Electronics for Renewable and Distributed Energy Systems. Green Energy and Technology. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-5104-3_9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-5104-3_9

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, London

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4471-5103-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4471-5104-3

  • eBook Packages: EnergyEnergy (R0)

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