Abstract
The mammalian carotid body maintains a high level of chemoreceptor output and provides support for increased ventilatory drive over an extended period in animals chronically exposed to a low O2 environment (i.e., chronic hypoxia, CH; Bisgard, 2000). Important features of carotid body adaptation to CH include hypertrophy and hyperplasia of (O2-sensitive type I cells, and marked dilation of surrounding microvascular elements (McGregor et al 1984; Laidler & Kay, 1975). Although little is known about the cellular mechanisms which mediate these remarkable morphological changes (Pequignot et al 1987; Bisgard, 2000), similar (O2-sensitive changes occur in the lung and heart where CH elicits constriction and thickening of vessel walls in the pulmonary circuit and hypertrophy of the right ventricle, resulting in pulmonary hypertension (Rabinovitch et al., 1979).
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Chen, J., Dinger, B., Jyung, R., Stensaas, L., Fidone, S. (2003). Altered Expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and FLK-1 Receptor in Chronically Hypoxic Rat Carotid Body. In: Pequignot, JM., Gonzalez, C., Nurse, C.A., Prabhakar, N.R., Dalmaz, Y. (eds) Chemoreception. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 536. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9280-2_74
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9280-2_74
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