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Minor Histocompatibility Antigens: Molecular Barriers for Successful Tissue Transplantation

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Immunobiology of Organ Transplantation

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Abstract

Over 50 years ago, George D. Snell originally described transplantation (histocompatibility, H) antigens as those that elicited rejection of skin or tumor grafts from genetically nonidentical donors’. In his quest to characterize the genes responsible for these antigens, he identified several unique loci. Of these, Snell found one to cause a marked rapid rejection, whereas all others led to longer rejection times. He named this antigen H2, H standing for histocompatibility. H2 is a complex of genes in mice characterized as the classical major histocompatibility complex (MHC) that binds to short antigenic peptides and presents them to T-cells. Pioneering studies on the murine H2 complex have been extended to human transplant rejection antigens, defined as human leukocyte antigens (HLA)2. Following Snell’s observations, extensive effort was made to characterize other non-H2/HLA loci responsible for histoincompatibility. Since the non-H2/HLA disparities take a longer time to cause graft rejection, they are defined as “minor” histocompatibility antigens (mH-Ag), that is, H1, H3-H61 in mice and HA1-HA8 in humans.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Blood Research Institute, Blood Center of Southeastern Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA

    Subramaniam Malarkannan & Laura.M Pooler

  2. Division of Neoplastic Diseases, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA

    Subramaniam Malarkannan

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  1. Subramaniam Malarkannan
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  1. Microbiology and Immunobiology, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana

    David S. Wilkes M.D. (Calvin H. English Professor of Medicine) (Calvin H. English Professor of Medicine)

  2. Department of Surgery, Division of Transplantation, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin

    William J. Burlingham Ph.D. (Associate Professor) (Associate Professor)

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Malarkannan, S., Pooler, L. (2004). Minor Histocompatibility Antigens: Molecular Barriers for Successful Tissue Transplantation. In: Wilkes, D.S., Burlingham, W.J. (eds) Immunobiology of Organ Transplantation. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8999-4_7

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