Abstract
Sigel et al. [1] were the first to demonstrate that the echogenicity of normal human blood at 10 MHz was shear rate dependent. In that study performed in a flow model, the blood echogenicity increased by reducing the shear rate until a maximum was reached at stasis. The increase of the erythrocyte aggregate size at low shear rates was postulated as a mechanism to explain these results. Using a 7.5 MHz pulse-echo ultrasound system, Yuan and Shung [2] showed that the echogenicity of porcine whole blood increased as the shear rate was reduced, whereas that of bovine whole blood and porcine red blood cells (RBCs) suspended in saline were shear rate independent. The absence of rouleau formation for bovine blood and red cell suspensions explained these results. Shehada et al. [3] studied porcine whole blood echogenicity at very low shear rates. They showed that shearing around 0.5 s“−1 provided the maximum backscattered power at 7 MHz because of the higher aggregation level attributed to the increased cell-cell interactions. In a study by our group
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
B. Sigel, J. Machi, J. C. Beider, J. R. Justin, and J. C. U. Coelho, “Variable ultrasound echogenicity in flowing blood”, Science, vol. 218, pp. 1321–1323,1982.
Y. W. Yuan and K. K. Shung, “Ultrasonic backscatter from flowing whole blood: I. Dependence on shear rate and hematocrit”, J Acoust Soc Am, vol. 84(1), pp. 52–58, 1988.
R. E. N. Shehada, R. S. C. Cobbold, and L. Y. L. Mo, “Aggregation effects in whole blood: Influence of time and shear rate measured using ultrasound”, Biorheology, vol. 31(1), pp. 115–135,1994.
G. Cloutier, Z. Qin, L. G. Durand, and B. G. Teh, “Power Doppler ultrasound evaluation of the shear rate and shear stress dependences of red blood cell aggregation”, IEEE Trans Biomed Eng, vol. 43(5), pp. 441–450,1996.
X. D. Weng, G. Cloutier, P. Pibarot, and L. G. Durand, “Comparison and simulation of different levels of erythrocyte aggregation with pig, horse, sheep, calf, and normal human blood”, Biorheoiogy, vol. 33(4,5), pp. 365–377,1996.
Z. Qin, Characterization of red blood cell aggregation dynamics with Doppler ultrasound, M.Sc. dissertation, University of Montreal, pp. 1–149, 1997.
H. Schmid-Schön bein, P. Gaehtgens, and H. Hirsch, “On the shear rate dependence of red cell aggregation in vitro”, J Clin Invest, vol. 47, pp. 1447–1454,1968.
J. Goldstone, H. Schmid-Schönbein, and R. Wells, “The rheology of red blood cell aggregates”, Microvascular Res, vol. 2, pp. 273–286, 1970.
M. S. Van Der Heiden, M. G. M. De Kroon, N. Bom, and C. Borst, “Ultrasound backscatter at 30 MHz from human blood: influence of rouleau size affected by blood modification and shear rate”, Ultrasound Med Biol, vol. 21(6), pp. 817–826, 1995.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1997 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Cloutier, G., Qin, Z. (1997). Shear Rate Dependence of Normal, Hypo-, and Hyper- Aggregating Erythrocytes Studied with Power Doppler Ultrasound. In: Lees, S., Ferrari, L.A. (eds) Acoustical Imaging. Acoustical Imaging, vol 23. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8588-0_47
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8588-0_47
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-4640-1
Online ISBN: 978-1-4419-8588-0
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive