Abstract
Wetlands are one of the most important ecosystems in the world. The West Siberian Lowland (WSL) is the world’s largest high-latitude wetland covering nearly two-thirds of western Siberia; thus, remote sensing techniques play an important role in monitoring them. At least half of this area consists of peatlands, which sequester atmospheric carbon in the form of slightly decomposed plant matter. WSL is considered a net source of methane gas, which is one of the most important greenhouse gases.
High spatial resolution satellite data are effective for monitoring land cover type changes, but cannot cover a wide area because of a narrow swath width. On the other hand, global scale data are indispensable in covering large areas, but are too coarse to acquire detailed information because of their low spatial resolution. We need to devise a method for data fusion with different spatial resolutions for monitoring such scale-variant phenomena.
In this chapter, a Terra ASTER image near Noyabrsk mire is used to map six wetland ecosystems (bare soil, birch forest, conifer forest, open bog, open water, and palsa) supplemented by field observation. Spectral mixture analysis is then performed between Terra MODIS and ASTER data acquired on the same day.
Field observations of CH4 flux are subsequently scaled up with these different spatial resolution satellite data. Each of the wetland ecosystem coverage fraction at the subpixel level is provided by spectral mixture analysis. Field observation shows that the mean rate of CH4 emission from open bog and open water averaged 123.1 and 24.6 mg C/m2/day, respectively. The methane emission from the area is estimated by multiplying these average methane emission rates and the fraction coverage in each MODIS pixel.
Finally, the total methane emission over MODIS coverage is estimated at 1.86 × 109 g CH4/day and the mean methane emission over MODIS coverage was calculated as 43.1 mg C/m2/day. We conclude that this mean value is within the probabilistic variability when compared with the other research results.
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Takeuchi, W., Nakano, T., Yasuoka, Y. (2010). Estimation of Methane Emission from West Siberian Lowland with Subpixel Land Cover Characterization Between MODIS and ASTER. In: Ramachandran, B., Justice, C., Abrams, M. (eds) Land Remote Sensing and Global Environmental Change. Remote Sensing and Digital Image Processing, vol 11. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6749-7_18
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6749-7_18
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