Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Genetic and Environmental Determinants of Addiction Risk Related to Impulsivity and Its Neurobiological Substrates

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Inhibitory Control and Drug Abuse Prevention

  • 1063 Accesses

Abstract

Drug addiction is a complex disorder characterized by significant individual variability. Several lines of evidence suggest that addiction risk is linked to a number of factors including genetics and adverse environmental events during development as well as behavioral traits such as reward sensitivity and impulsivity. Together, these factors appear to influence the initiation of drug use, the transition from controlled to compulsive use that is the hallmark of addictive disorders, the effectiveness of treatment, and subsequent relapse vulnerability. Several neurobiological candidates have been speculated to underlie addiction vulnerability. In this chapter, we review the potential contribution of genetic and environment factors to inhibitory control and addiction risk via their relationship to dopamine transmission aligned to frontostriatal neural circuitry. As insights grow regarding neurobiological features common to gene  ×  environment interactions, improved targeted prevention and intervention strategies will be developed to decrease the risk of vulnerable individuals to addiction disorders.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Agrawal A, Neale MC, Prescott CA et al (2004) A twin study of early cannabis use and subsequent use and abuse/dependence of other illicit drugs. Psychol Med 34: 1227–37

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Amara SG, Kuhar MJ (1993) Neurotransmitter transporters: recent progress. Annu Rev Neurosci 16: 73–93

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Audrain-McGovern J, Lerman C, Wileyto EP et al (2004) Interacting effects of genetic predisposition and depression on adolescent smoking progression. Am J Psychiatry 161: 1224–30

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Baransel Isir AB, Oguzkan S, Nacak M et al (2008) The catechol-O-methyl transferase Val158Met polymorphism and susceptibility to cannabis dependence. Am J Forensic Med Pathol 29: 320–2

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Batel P, Houchi H, Daoust M et al (2008) A haplotype of the DRD1 gene is associated with alcohol dependence. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 32: 567–72

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Becker K, El-Faddagh M, Schmidt MH et al (2008) Interaction of dopamine transporter genotype with prenatal smoke exposure on ADHD symptoms. J Pediatr 152: 263–9

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bellgrove MA, Domschke K, Hawi Z et al (2005a) The methionine allele of the COMT polymorphism impairs prefrontal cognition in children and adolescents with ADHD. Exp Brain Res 163: 352–60

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bellgrove MA, Hawi Z, Kirley A et al (2005b) Dissecting the attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) phenotype: sustained attention, response variability and spatial attentional asymmetries in relation to dopamine transporter (DAT1) genotype. Neuropsychologia 43: 1847–57

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bertolino A, Caforio G, Blasi G et al (2004) Interaction of COMT (Val(108/158)Met) genotype and olanzapine treatment on prefrontal cortical function in patients with schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry 161: 1798–805

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Biederman J, Petty

    Google Scholar 

  • Blasi G, Mattay VS, Bertolino A et al (2005) Effect of catechol-O-methyltransferase val158met genotype on attentional control. J Neurosci 25: 5038–45

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Blum K, Noble EP, Sheridan PJ et al (1990) Allelic association of human dopamine D2 receptor gene in alcoholism. JAMA 263: 2055–60

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bobb AJ, Addington AM, Sidransky E et al (2005) Support for association between ADHD and two candidate genes: NET1 and DRD1. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 134B: 67–72

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bouthenet ML, Souil E, Martres MP et al (1991) Localization of dopamine D3 receptor mRNA in the rat brain using in situ hybridization histochemistry: comparison with dopamine D2 receptor mRNA. Brain Res 564: 203–19

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Briun EA, Gekht AB, Polunina AG et al (2001) [Neuropsychological deficit in chronic heroin abusers]. Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S 101: 10–9

    Google Scholar 

  • Bussey TJ, Everitt BJ, Robbins TW (1997) Dissociable effects of cingulate and medial frontal cortex lesions on stimulus-reward learning using a novel Pavlovian autoshaping procedure for the rat: implications for the neurobiology of emotion. Behav Neurosci 111: 908–19

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Calabresi P, Saiardi A, Pisani A et al (1997) Abnormal synaptic plasticity in the striatum of mice lacking dopamine D2 receptors. J Neurosci 17: 4536–44

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Caprioli D, Celentano M, Paolone G et al (2007) Modeling the role of environment in addiction. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 31: 1639–53

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cardinal RN, Pennicott DR, Sugathapala CL et al (2001) Impulsive choice induced in rats by lesions of the nucleus accumbens core. Science 292: 2499–501

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Caspi A, McClay J, Moffitt TE et al (2002) Role of genotype in the cycle of violence in maltreated children. Science 297: 851–4

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cheon KA, Ryu YH, Kim JW et al (2005) The homozygosity for 10-repeat allele at dopamine transporter gene and dopamine transporter density in Korean children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: relating to treatment response to methylphenidate. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 15: 95–101

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cichon S, Nothen MM, Rietschel M et al (1994) Single-strand conformation analysis (SSCA) of the dopamine D1 receptor gene (DRD1) reveals no significant mutation in patients with schizophrenia and manic depression. Biol Psychiatry 36: 850–3

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Comings DE, Ferry L, Bradshaw-Robinson S et al (1996) The dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) gene: a genetic risk factor in smoking. Pharmacogenetics 6: 73–9

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Comings DE, Gade R, Wu S et al (1997) Studies of the potential role of the dopamine D1 receptor gene in addictive behaviors. Mol Psychiatry 2: 44–56

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Comings DE, Gonzalez N, Wu S et al (1999) Homozygosity at the dopamine DRD3 receptor gene in cocaine dependence. Mol Psychiatry 4: 484–7

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cook EH, Jr., Stein MA, Krasowski MD et al (1995) Association of attention-deficit disorder and the dopamine transporter gene. Am J Hum Genet 56: 993–8

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cragg SJ, Rice ME (2004) DAncing past the DAT at a DA synapse. Trends Neurosci 27: 270–7

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Crews FT, Boettiger CA (2009) Impulsivity, frontal lobes and risk for addiction. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 93: 237–47

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Curran S, Mill J, Tahir E et al (2001) Association study of a dopamine transporter polymorphism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in UK and Turkish samples. Mol Psychiatry 6: 425–8

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • da Silva Lobo DS, Vallada HP, Knight J et al (2007) Dopamine genes and pathological gambling in discordant sib-pairs. J Gambl Stud 23: 421–33

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Daly G, Hawi Z, Fitzgerald M et al (1999) Mapping susceptibility loci in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: preferential transmission of parental alleles at DAT1, DBH and DRD5 to affected children. Mol Psychiatry 4: 192–6

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dawe S, Loxton NJ (2004) The role of impulsivity in the development of substance use and eating disorders. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 28: 343–51

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Day NL, Goldschmidt L, Thomas CA (2006) Prenatal marijuana exposure contributes to the prediction of marijuana use at age 14. Addiction 101: 1313–22

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Day NL, Richardson GA, Goldschmidt L et al (1994) Effect of prenatal marijuana exposure on the cognitive development of offspring at age three. Neurotoxicol Teratol 16: 169–75

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dickinson SD, Sabeti J, Larson GA et al (1999) Dopamine D2 receptor-deficient mice exhibit decreased dopamine transporter function but no changes in dopamine release in dorsal striatum. J Neurochem 72: 148–56

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Egan MF, Goldberg TE, Kolachana BS et al (2001) Effect of COMT Val108/158 Met genotype on frontal lobe function and risk for schizophrenia. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 98: 6917–22

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Eisenberg DT, Mackillop J, Modi M et al (2007) Examining impulsivity as an endophenotype using a behavioral approach: a DRD2 TaqI A and DRD4 48-bp VNTR association study. Behav Brain Funct 3: 2

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ellgren M, Spano SM, Hurd YL (2007) Adolescent cannabis exposure alters opiate intake and opioid limbic neuronal populations in adult rats. Neuropsychopharmacology 32: 607–15

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Finch DM (1999) Plasticity of responses to synaptic inputs in rat ventral striatal neurons after repeated administration of the dopamine D2 antagonist raclopride. Synapse 31: 297–301

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Frank MJ, Moustafa AA, Haughey HM et al (2007) Genetic triple dissociation reveals multiple roles for dopamine in reinforcement learning. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 104: 16311–6

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Frank MJ, O’Reilly RC (2006) A mechanistic account of striatal dopamine function in human cognition: psychopharmacological studies with cabergoline and haloperidol. Behav Neurosci 120: 497–517

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gelernter J, Kranzler H, Lacobelle J (1998) Population studies of polymorphisms at loci of neuropsychiatric interest (tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH), dopamine transporter protein (SLC6A3), D3 dopamine receptor (DRD3), apolipoprotein E (APOE), mu opioid receptor (OPRM1), and ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF)). Genomics 52: 289–97

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gelernter J, Kranzler H, Satel SL (1999) No association between D2 dopamine receptor (DRD2) alleles or haplotypes and cocaine dependence or severity of cocaine dependence in European- and African-Americans. Biol Psychiatry 45: 340–5

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gelernter J, Kranzler HR, Satel SL et al (1994) Genetic association between dopamine transporter protein alleles and cocaine-induced paranoia. Neuropsychopharmacology 11: 195–200

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gerra G, Garofano L, Pellegrini C et al (2005) Allelic association of a dopamine transporter gene polymorphism with antisocial behaviour in heroin-dependent patients. Addict Biol 10: 275–81

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gill M, Daly G, Heron S et al (1997) Confirmation of association between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and a dopamine transporter polymorphism. Mol Psychiatry 2: 311–3

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Giros B, Jaber M, Jones SR et al (1996) Hyperlocomotion and indifference to cocaine and amphetamine in mice lacking the dopamine transporter. Nature 379: 606–12

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goldberg TE, Weinberger DR (2004) Genes and the parsing of cognitive processes. Trends Cogn Sci 8: 325–35

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Goldman-Rakic PS, Muly EC, 3rd, Williams GV (2000) D(1) receptors in prefrontal cells and circuits. Brain Res Brain Res Rev 31: 295–301

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Griffith DR, Azuma SD, Chasnoff IJ (1994) Three-year outcome of children exposed prenatally to drugs. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 33: 20–7

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Guindalini C, Howard M, Haddley K et al (2006) A dopamine transporter gene functional variant associated with cocaine abuse in a Brazilian sample. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 103: 4552–7

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gustafsson L, Oreland S, Hoffmann P et al (2008) The impact of postnatal environment on opioid peptides in young and adult male Wistar rats. Neuropeptides 42: 177–91

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Heinz A, Goldman D, Jones DW et al (2000) Genotype influences in vivo dopamine transporter availability in human striatum. Neuropsychopharmacology 22: 133–9

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hellemans KG, Nobrega JN, Olmstead MC (2005) Early environmental experience alters baseline and ethanol-induced cognitive impulsivity: relationship to forebrain 5-HT1A receptor binding. Behav Brain Res 159: 207–20

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hitri A, Hurd YL, Wyatt RJ et al (1994) Molecular, functional and biochemical characteristics of the dopamine transporter: regional differences and clinical relevance. Clin. Neuropharmacol. 17: 1–22

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Holmes J, Payton A, Barrett JH et al (2000) A family-based and case-control association study of the dopamine D4 receptor gene and dopamine transporter gene in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Mol Psychiatry 5: 523–30

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hong CJ, Cheng CY, Shu LR et al (2003) Association study of the dopamine and serotonin transporter genetic polymorphisms and methamphetamine abuse in Chinese males. J Neural Transm 110: 345–51

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Horowitz R, Kotler M, Shufman E et al (2000) Confirmation of an excess of the high enzyme activity COMT val allele in heroin addicts in a family-based haplotype relative risk study. Am J Med Genet 96: 599–603

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Huang W, Ma JZ, Payne TJ et al (2008) Significant association of DRD1 with nicotine dependence. Hum Genet 123: 133–40

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Huang W, Payne TJ, Ma JZ et al (2009) Significant association of ANKK1 and detection of a functional polymorphism with nicotine dependence in an African-American sample. Neuropsychopharmacology 34: 319–30

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Huizink AC, Mulder EJ (2006) Maternal smoking, drinking or cannabis use during pregnancy and neurobehavioral and cognitive functioning in human offspring. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 30: 24–41

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hurd YL, Wang X, Anderson V et al (2005) Marijuana impairs growth in mid-gestation fetuses. Neurotoxicol Teratol 27: 221–9

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jacobsen LK, Staley JK, Zoghbi SS et al (2000) Prediction of dopamine transporter binding availability by genotype: a preliminary report. Am J Psychiatry 157: 1700–3

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Joober R, Gauthier J, Lal S et al (2002) Catechol-O-methyltransferase Val-108/158-Met gene variants associated with performance on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test. Arch Gen Psychiatry 59: 662–3

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kim DJ, Park BL, Yoon S et al (2007) 5’ UTR polymorphism of dopamine receptor D1 (DRD1) associated with severity and temperament of alcoholism. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 357: 1135–41

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kim-Cohen J, Caspi A, Taylor A et al (2006) MAOA, maltreatment, and gene-environment interaction predicting children’s mental health: new evidence and a meta-analysis. Mol Psychiatry 11: 903–13

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • King MV, Seeman P, Marsden CA et al (2009) Increased dopamine D2High receptors in rats reared in social isolation. Synapse 63: 476–83

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kirley A, Hawi Z, Daly G et al (2002) Dopaminergic system genes in ADHD: toward a biological hypothesis. Neuropsychopharmacology 27: 607–19

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Klein TA, Neumann J, Reuter M et al (2007) Genetically determined differences in learning from errors. Science 318: 1642–5

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kosten TA, Kehoe P (2005) Neonatal isolation is a relevant model for studying the contributions of early life stress to vulnerability to drug abuse: response to Marmendal et al. (2004). Dev Psychobiol 47: 108–10

    Google Scholar 

  • L’Hirondel M, Cheramy A, Godeheu G et al (1998) Lack of autoreceptor-mediated inhibitory control of dopamine release in striatal synaptosomes of D2 receptor-deficient mice. Brain Res 792: 253–62

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Laucht M, Skowronek MH, Becker K et al (2007) Interacting effects of the dopamine transporter gene and psychosocial adversity on attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms among 15-year-olds from a high-risk community sample. Arch Gen Psychiatry 64: 585–90

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lawford BR, Young RM, Noble EP et al (2000) The D(2) dopamine receptor A(1) allele and opioid dependence: association with heroin use and response to methadone treatment. Am J Med Genet 96: 592–8

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Le Foll B, Gallo A, Le Strat Y et al (2009) Genetics of dopamine receptors and drug addiction: a comprehensive review. Behav Pharmacol 20: 1–17

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Leech SL, Richardson GA, Goldschmidt L et al (1999) Prenatal substance exposure: effects on attention and impulsivity of 6-year-olds. Neurotoxicol Teratol 21: 109–18.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Levran O, Londono D, O’Hara K et al (2009) Heroin addiction in African Americans: a hypothesis-driven association study. Genes Brain Behav 8: 531–40

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Li T, Chen CK, Hu X et al (2004) Association analysis of the DRD4 and COMT genes in methamphetamine abuse. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 129: 120–4

    Google Scholar 

  • Li Y, Shao C, Zhang D et al (2006) The effect of dopamine D2, D5 receptor and transporter (SLC6A3) polymorphisms on the cue-elicited heroin craving in Chinese. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 141B: 269–73

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Limosin F, Loze JY, Rouillon F et al (2003) Association between dopamine receptor D1 gene DdeI polymorphism and sensation seeking in alcohol-dependent men. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 27: 1226–8

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liu HC, Chen CK, Leu SJ et al (2006) Association between dopamine receptor D1 A-48G polymorphism and methamphetamine abuse. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 60: 226–31

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liu HC, Lin SK, Liu SK et al (2004) DAT polymorphism and diverse clinical manifestations in methamphetamine abusers. Psychiatr Genet 14: 33–7

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liu Q, Sobell JL, Heston LL et al (1995) Screening the dopamine D1 receptor gene in 131 schizophrenics and eight alcoholics: identification of polymorphisms but lack of functionally significant sequence changes. Am J Med Genet 60: 165–71

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lohoff FW, Weller AE, Bloch PJ et al (2008) Association between the catechol-O-methyltransferase Val158Met polymorphism and cocaine dependence. Neuropsychopharmacology 33: 3078–84

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Loo SK, Specter E, Smolen A et al (2003) Functional effects of the DAT1 polymorphism on EEG measures in ADHD. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 42: 986–93

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lotta T, Vidgren J, Tilgmann C et al (1995) Kinetics of human soluble and membrane-bound catechol O-methyltransferase: a revised mechanism and description of the thermolabile variant of the enzyme. Biochemistry 34: 4202–10

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Martinez D, Gelernter J, Abi-Dargham A et al (2001) The variable number of tandem repeats polymorphism of the dopamine transporter gene is not associated with significant change in dopamine transporter phenotype in humans. Neuropsychopharmacology 24: 553–60

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Meador-Woodruff JH, Mansour A, Bunzow JR et al (1989) Distribution of D2 dopamine receptor mRNA in rat brain. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 86: 7625–8

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mercuri NB, Saiardi A, Bonci A et al (1997) Loss of autoreceptor function in dopaminergic neurons from dopamine D2 receptor deficient mice. Neuroscience 79: 323–7

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mills S, Langley K, Van den Bree M et al (2004) No evidence of association between Catechol-O-Methyltransferase (COMT) Val158Met genotype and performance on neuropsychological tasks in children with ADHD: a case-control study. BMC Psychiatry 4: 15

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Misener VL, Luca P, Azeke O et al (2004) Linkage of the dopamine receptor D1 gene to attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Mol Psychiatry 9: 500–9

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Munafo MR, Matheson IJ, Flint J (2007) Association of the DRD2 gene Taq1A polymorphism and alcoholism: a meta-analysis of case-control studies and evidence of publication bias. Mol Psychiatry 12: 454–61

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nader MA, Morgan D, Gage HD et al (2006) PET imaging of dopamine D2 receptors during chronic cocaine self-administration in monkeys. Nat Neurosci

    Google Scholar 

  • Neville MJ, Johnstone EC, Walton RT (2004) Identification and characterization of ANKK1: a novel kinase gene closely linked to DRD2 on chromosome band 11q23.1. Hum Mutat 23: 540–5

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Noble EP (2003) D2 dopamine receptor gene in psychiatric and neurologic disorders and its phenotypes. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 116: 103–25

    Google Scholar 

  • Noble EP, Blum K, Ritchie T et al (1991) Allelic association of the D2 dopamine receptor gene with receptor-binding characteristics in alcoholism. Arch Gen Psychiatry 48: 648–54

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Oh KS, Shin DW, Oh GT et al (2003) Dopamine transporter genotype influences the attention deficit in Korean boys with ADHD. Yonsei Med J 44: 787–92

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ohara K, Ulpian C, Seeman P et al (1993) Schizophrenia: dopamine D1 receptor sequence is normal, but has DNA polymorphisms. Neuropsychopharmacology 8: 131–5

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Padula CB, Schweinsburg AD, Tapert SF (2007) Spatial working memory performance and fMRI activation interaction in abstinent adolescent marijuana users. Psychol Addict Behav 21: 478–87

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Palmer CG, Bailey JN, Ramsey C et al (1999) No evidence of linkage or linkage disequilibrium between DAT1 and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in a large sample. Psychiatr Genet 9: 157–60

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Parker KJ, Buckmaster CL, Justus KR et al (2005) Mild early life stress enhances prefrontal-dependent response inhibition in monkeys. Biol Psychiatry 57: 848–55

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Parkinson JA, Willoughby PJ, Robbins TW et al (2000) Disconnection of the anterior cingulate cortex and nucleus accumbens core impairs Pavlovian approach behavior: further evidence for limbic cortical-ventral striatopallidal systems. Behav Neurosci 114: 42–63

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Perry JL, Stairs DJ, Bardo MT (2008) Impulsive choice and environmental enrichment: effects of d-amphetamine and methylphenidate. Behav Brain Res 193: 48–54

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Persico AM, Bird G, Gabbay FH et al (1996) D2 dopamine receptor gene TaqI A1 and B1 restriction fragment length polymorphisms: enhanced frequencies in psychostimulant-preferring polysubstance abusers. Biol Psychiatry 40: 776–84

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Porath AJ, Fried PA (2005) Effects of prenatal cigarette and marijuana exposure on drug use among offspring. Neurotoxicol Teratol 27: 267–77. Epub 2005 Jan 8.

    Google Scholar 

  • Radwan GN, El-Setouhy M, Mohamed MK et al (2007) DRD2/ANKK1 TaqI polymorphism and smoking behavior of Egyptian male cigarette smokers. Nicotine Tob Res 9: 1325–9

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ritchie T, Noble EP (2003) Association of seven polymorphisms of the D2 dopamine receptor gene with brain receptor-binding characteristics. Neurochem Res 28: 73–82

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Roman T, Schmitz M, Polanczyk G et al (2001) Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: a study of association with both the dopamine transporter gene and the dopamine D4 receptor gene. Am J Med Genet 105: 471–8

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rutter M, Silberg J (2002) Gene-environment interplay in relation to emotional and behavioral disturbance. Annu Rev Psychol 53: 463–90

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • SAMHSA (2009) Results from the 2008 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings. In: Office of Applied Studies HP (ed). Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, MD

    Google Scholar 

  • Schultz W, Tremblay L, Hollerman JR (1998) Reward prediction in primate basal ganglia and frontal cortex. Neuropharmacology 37: 421–429

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schweinsburg AD, Nagel BJ, Schweinsburg BC et al (2008) Abstinent adolescent marijuana users show altered fMRI response during spatial working memory. Psychiatry Res 163: 40–51

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Seeman P, Madras BK (1998) Anti-hyperactivity medication: methylphenidate and amphetamine. Mol Psychiatry 3: 386–96

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shahmoradgoli Najafabadi M, Ohadi M, Joghataie MT et al (2005) Association between the DRD2 A1 allele and opium addiction in the Iranian population. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 134: 39–41

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith AM, Fried PA, Hogan MJ et al (2004) Effects of prenatal marijuana on response inhibition: an fMRI study of young adults. Neurotoxicol Teratol 26: 533–42

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Smith L, Watson M, Gates S et al (2008) Meta-analysis of the association of the Taq1A polymorphism with the risk of alcohol dependency: a HuGE gene-disease association review. Am J Epidemiol 167: 125–38

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sonuga-Barke EJ, Oades RD, Psychogiou L et al (2009) Dopamine and serotonin transporter genotypes moderate sensitivity to maternal expressed emotion: the case of conduct and emotional problems in attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 50: 1052–63

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Spano MS, Ellgren M, Wang X et al (2007) Prenatal cannabis exposure increases heroin seeking with allostatic changes in limbic enkephalin systems in adulthood. Biol Psychiatry 61: 554–63

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Spitz MR, Shi H, Yang F et al (1998) Case-control study of the D2 dopamine receptor gene and smoking status in lung cancer patients. J Natl Cancer Inst 90: 358–63

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Surmeier DJ, Ding J, Day M et al (2007) D1 and D2 dopamine-receptor modulation of striatal glutamatergic signaling in striatal medium spiny neurons. Trends Neurosci. 30: 228–35

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Taerk E, Grizenko N, Ben Amor L et al (2004) Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) Val108/158 Met polymorphism does not modulate executive function in children with ADHD. BMC Med Genet 5: 30

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tapert SF, Schweinsburg AD, Drummond SP et al (2007) Functional MRI of inhibitory processing in abstinent adolescent marijuana users. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 194: 173–83

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ujike H, Harano M, Inada T et al (2003) Nine- or fewer repeat alleles in VNTR polymorphism of the dopamine transporter gene is a strong risk factor for prolonged methamphetamine psychosis. Pharmacogenomics J 3: 242–7

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • van der Zwaluw CS, Engels RC (2009) Gene-environment interactions and alcohol use and dependence: current status and future challenges. Addiction 104: 907–14

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vandenbergh DJ, Persico AM, Hawkins AL et al (1992) Human dopamine transporter gene (DAT1) maps to chromosome 5p15.3 and displays a VNTR. Genomics 14: 1104–6

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vandenbergh DJ, Rodriguez LA, Miller IT et al (1997) High-activity catechol-O-methyltransferase allele is more prevalent in polysubstance abusers. Am J Med Genet 74: 439–42

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Verney C, Zecevic N, Nikolic B et al (1991) Early evidence of catecholaminergic cell groups in 5- and 6-week-old human embryos using tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine-β-hydroxylase immunocytochemistry. Neurosci. Lett. 131: 121–124

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Volkow ND, Fowler JS, Wang GJ et al (2002) Role of dopamine, the frontal cortex and memory circuits in drug addiction: insight from imaging studies. Neurobiol Learn Mem 78: 610–24

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Volkow ND, Wang GJ, Fowler JS et al (1998) Dopamine transporter occupancies in the human brain induced by therapeutic doses of oral methylphenidate. Am J Psychiatry 155: 1325–31

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Waldman ID, Rowe DC, Abramowitz A et al (1998) Association and linkage of the dopamine transporter gene and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in children: heterogeneity owing to diagnostic subtype and severity. Am J Hum Genet 63: 1767–76

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wang X, Dow-Edwards D, Anderson V et al (2004) In utero marijuana exposure associated with abnormal amygdala dopamine D2 gene expression in the human fetus. Biol Psychiatry 56: 909–15

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wang X, Dow-Edwards D, Anderson V et al (2006) Discrete opioid gene expression impairment in the human fetal brain associated with maternal marijuana use. Pharmacogenomics J 6: 255–64

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wilens TE, Upadhyaya HP (2007) Impact of substance use disorder on ADHD and its treatment. J Clin Psychiatry 68: e20

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Willcutt EG, Doyle AE, Nigg JT et al (2005) Validity of the executive function theory of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a meta-analytic review. Biol Psychiatry 57: 1336–46

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Williams GV, Castner SA (2006) Under the curve: critical issues for elucidating D1 receptor function in working memory. Neuroscience 139: 263–76

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Xu K, Lichtermann D, Lipsky RH et al (2004) Association of specific haplotypes of D2 dopamine receptor gene with vulnerability to heroin dependence in 2 distinct populations. Arch Gen Psychiatry 61: 597–606

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Young RM, Lawford BR, Nutting A et al (2004) Advances in molecular genetics and the prevention and treatment of substance misuse: Implications of association studies of the A1 allele of the D2 dopamine receptor gene. Addict Behav 29: 1275–94

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychiatry, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10029-6500, USA

    Yasmin L. Hurd

Authors
  1. Michelle M. Jacobs
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Didier Jutras-Aswad
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Jennifer A. DiNieri
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Hilarie C. Tomasiewicz
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Yasmin L. Hurd
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yasmin L. Hurd .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Drug Abuse, Research Translation, University of Kentucky, S. Limestone 741, Lexington, 40536-0509, Kentucky, USA

    Michael T. Bardo

  2. Transdisciplinary Behavioral, Science Program, RTI International, Eastern Avenue 6801, Baltimore, 21224, Maryland, USA

    Diana H. Fishbein

  3. Center for Drug Abuse, Research Translation, University of Kentucky, S. Limestone 741, Lexington, 40536-0509, Kentucky, USA

    Richard Milich

Glossary

Exon 

DNA region of the gene containing the sequence for the mature form of the messenger RNA including protein coding regions as well as 5′ and 3′ untranslated regions.

Haplotype 

A combination of alleles at multiple loci that are transmitted together on the same chromosome.

Intron 

DNA region within a gene that is not translated into protein.

Missense coding change

A nucleotide mutation that alters the amino acid sequence of the protein.

Polymorphism

Multiple alleles of the same gene within a given population.

Variable number tandem repeat polymorphism (VNTR)

A short nucleotide sequence polymorphism organized as a tandem repeat.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2011 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Jacobs, M.M., Jutras-Aswad, D., DiNieri, J.A., Tomasiewicz, H.C., Hurd, Y.L. (2011). Genetic and Environmental Determinants of Addiction Risk Related to Impulsivity and Its Neurobiological Substrates. In: Bardo, M., Fishbein, D., Milich, R. (eds) Inhibitory Control and Drug Abuse Prevention. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1268-8_4

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1268-8_4

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4419-1267-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4419-1268-8

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation