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Structure and Function of the Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule NCAM pp 95–109Cite as

Polysialylation of NCAM

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Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 663))

Abstract

A unique feature of the neural cell adhesion molecule NCAM is that it can be decorated with polysialic acid, a large negatively charged and highly hydrated glycan, which acts as a key regulator of NCAM-mediated and other cell surface interactions. Here, we give a brief overview of the regulation of polysialic acid expression in ontogenesis and tumor development and highlight the interplay of the polysialyltransferases ST8SiaII and ST8SiaIV in implementing the biosynthesis of this unusual carbohydrate polymer. In particular, we focus on recent advances in the separate or combined genetic ablation of the two enzymes, which reveal its vital role in brain development and provide insights into the vigorous control and the structural complexity of NCAM polysialylation.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    The most commonly used abbreviation for polysialic acid in neuroscience is PSA, but in tumor biology, PSA stands for prostate specific antigen. To avoid confusion, we therefore prefer to use polySia to abbreviate polysialic acid.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (to RGS, MM, HH), the Deutsche Krebshilfe (to MM and HH), and PROMEMORIA EC FP6 (to RGS) for having given financial support through grants to do this work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Cellular Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany

    Rita Gerardy-Schahn

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  1. Herbert Hildebrandt
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  2. Martina Mühlenhoff
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  3. Rita Gerardy-Schahn
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Correspondence to Rita Gerardy-Schahn .

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  1. Panum Institute, Dept. Regenerative Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3C, Koebenhavn N, 2200, Denmark

    Vladimir Berezin

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Hildebrandt, H., Mühlenhoff, M., Gerardy-Schahn, R. (2010). Polysialylation of NCAM. In: Berezin, V. (eds) Structure and Function of the Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule NCAM. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 663. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1170-4_6

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