Abstract
Israel’s space industry is the result of high-level R&D activities for defense and for business during the 1980s, when it became crucial to be independent for Earth observations, communications and broadcasting. Israel is autonomously developing spacecraft (with some cooperation from the European satellite industry) and launchers (with some partnership with South Africa and the United States). On 19th September 1988, Israel became the eighth country in the world to successfully launch a satellite (Ofeq-1) with its own vehicle (Shavit). The Ofeq series consists of compact mini-satellites with optical systems for high-resolution observations. Israeli Aircraft Industries (IAI) also developed the TechSAR radar satellite for military all-weather observations and proposed its use to the Pentagon.
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Refrences
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Harvey, B., Smid, H.H.F., Pirard, T. (2010). Israel: Small but efficient actor in space. In: Emerging Space Powers. Springer Praxis Books. Praxis. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0874-2_12
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