Abstract
When light of wavelength λ is focused into a medium of refractive index n, the minimum spot size due to diffraction is on the order of λ/(2n). For example, at a wavelength of 405 nm, at the edge of the visible band, diffraction limits the minimum spot size to be greater than 100 nm. Near-field techniques based on the idea that light can be passed through a tapered metal-covered optical fiber, which acts as a cut-off waveguidewhen the guide diameter is less than λ/(2n), have made it possible to obtain spot sizes on the order of 50 nm with power transmission on the order of 10−3 to 10−6 of the incident power. Similarly, passing light through a small pinhole on the order of 50 nm diameter leads to a field intensity at the end of the guide which is greatly reduced from that of the incident field.
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KINO, G., SUNDARAMURTHY, A., SCHUCK, P., FROMM, D., MOERNER, W. (2007). OPTICAL FIELD ENHANCEMENT WITH PLASMON RESONANT BOWTIE NANOANTENNAS. In: Brongersma, M.L., Kik, P.G. (eds) Surface Plasmon Nanophotonics. Springer Series in Optical Sciences, vol 131. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-4333-8_9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-4333-8_9
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