Abstract
On Alfred’s death the frontier between English and Danes was defined, roughly speaking, by the line of Watling Street. To the north and east lay the Danish kingdoms of York and East Anglia. Eastern Mercia was dominated by individual jarls and their warbands, most of them probably under the nominal control either of York or East Anglia.2 In the far north lay the remnant of Bernicia, still governed by a line of English rulers established at Bamburgh, but under pressure not only from Danish York but also from the ambitious Scottish kings.
This measure is to be common to all the nation, whether Englishmen, Danes or Britons, in every province of my dominion.1
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Notes
Historia de Sancto Cuthberto, in Thomas Arnold (ed.), Symeonis Monachi Opera Omnia, Rolls Series (London, 1882–5) i, pp. 196–214; extracts in EHD i, no. 6, pp. 261–3); HR, translated extracts in EHD i, pp. 251–4 and see C. R. Hart, ‘Byrhtferth’s Northumbrian Chronicle’, EHR, 95 (1982), 558–82
M. Lapidge, ‘Byrhtferth of Ramsey and the Early Sections of the Historia Regum Attributed to Symeon of Durham’, ASE, 10 (1982), 97–122.
The ‘Derby’ captured by Æthelflaed was probably the refurbished Roman fort at Little Chester (R. A. Hall, ‘The Five Boroughs of the Danelaw: a Review of Present Knowledge’, ASE, 18 (1989), 159–61).
Christine Mahany and David Roffe, ‘Stamford: the Development of an Anglo-Scandinavian Borough’, ANS, 5 (1983), 197–291.
I. Williams (ed.), Armes Prydein: The Prophecy of Britain from the Book of Talies in, trans. Rachel Bromwich, Medieval and Modern Welsh series, vi (Dublin, 1972), and see Alfred P. Smyth, Scandinavian York and Dublin ii (Dublin 1979), pp. 65–72.
Peter Sawyer, ‘The Last Scandinavian Rulers of York’, Northern History 31 (1995), 39–44.
S. 677, dated 958, ASC 1016 (the Magonsæte); S. 723, dated 963 (the Wrocen-sæte); S. 712a, also 963 (thePecsæte; see Nicholas Brooks et al, ‘A New Charter of King Edgar’, ASE, 13 (1989), 137–55).
Inquisitio Eliensis, in N. E. S. A. Hamilton (ed.), Inquisitio Comitatensis Canta-brigiensis (London, 1876), p. 97; L. J. Downer (ed.), Leges Henrici Primi (Oxford, 1972), pp. 100–1. The testimony of the vill is mentioned twice in Little Domesday and once in Domesday Book itself (LDB, ff. 285v, 393, GDB, fo. 44v: Julian Munby (ed.), Domesday Book: Hampshire (Chichester, 1982), no. 23, 3). See Robin Fleming, ‘Oral testimony and the Domesday Inquest’, ANS, 17 (1995), 101–2.
C. R. Hart, ‘Athelstan “Half-king” and his Family’, ASE, 2 (1973), 115–44.
Ann Williams, ‘Princeps Merciorum Gentis: the Family, Career and Connections of Ælfhere, Ealdorman of Mercia, 956–83’, ASE, 10 (1982), 143–72.
S. 546; Simon Keynes, ‘The “Dunstan B” Charters’, ASE, 23 (1994), 165–93.
Rebecca V. Colman, ‘Domestic Peace and Public Order in Anglo-Saxon Law’, in J. Douglas Woods and David A. E. Pelteret (eds), The Anglo-Saxons: Synthesis and Achievement (Waterloo, Ontario, 1985), pp. 49–61.
David Roffe, ‘The Origins of Derbyshire’, Derbyshire Archaeological J., 106 (1986), 111–16
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Williams, A. (1999). The Making of England. In: Kingship and Government in Pre-Conquest England c.500–1066. British History in Perspective. Palgrave, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-27454-3_7
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