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In Vitro Models of the Human Blood–Brain Barrier Utilising Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells: Opportunities and Challenges

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The Blood-Brain Barrier

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 2492))

Abstract

The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a component of the neurovascular unit formed by specialized brain microvascular endothelial cells surrounded by astrocytes end-feet processes, pericytes, and a basement membrane. The BBB plays an important role in the maintenance of brain homeostasis and has seen a growing involvement in the pathophysiology of various neurological diseases. On the other hand, the presence of such a barrier remains an important challenge for drug delivery to treat such illnesses.

Since the pioneering work describing the isolation and cultivation of primary brain microvascular cells about 50 years ago until now, the development of an in vitro model of the BBB that is scalable, capable to form tight monolayers, and predictive of drug permeability in vivo remained extremely challenging.

The recent description of the use of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) as a modeling tool for neurological diseases raised momentum into the use of such cells to develop new in vitro models of the BBB. This chapter will provide an exhaustive description of the use of iPSCs as a source of cells for modeling the BBB in vitro, describe the advantages and limitations of such model, as well as describe their prospective use for disease modeling and drug permeability screening platforms.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, USA

    Iqra Pervaiz & Abraham J. Al-Ahmad

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  1. Iqra Pervaiz
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  2. Abraham J. Al-Ahmad
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Correspondence to Abraham J. Al-Ahmad .

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  1. Discovery Pharmacology, COMPASS Pathways PLC, London, UK

    Nicole Stone

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Pervaiz, I., Al-Ahmad, A.J. (2022). In Vitro Models of the Human Blood–Brain Barrier Utilising Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells: Opportunities and Challenges. In: Stone, N. (eds) The Blood-Brain Barrier. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 2492. Humana, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2289-6_3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2289-6_3

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