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Biopsychosocial Factors in Coronary Artery Disease

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Handbook of Cardiovascular Behavioral Medicine

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Abstract

This chapter examines biopsychosocial factors in coronary artery disease (CAD), which is the leading cause of death worldwide. There is increasing evidence that psychosocial variables, such as depression, hostility, social isolation, job strain, and early-life adversity, increase the risk of CAD. These psychosocial factors, along with health-damaging behaviors such as smoking and obesity, are accompanied by chronic autonomic and neuroendocrine responses that promote CAD through inflammatory, oxidative, metabolic, and hemodynamic mechanisms. There is some evidence that behavioral-psychosocial interventions in CAD may lead to favorable outcomes, although the results of clinical trials thus far have been mixed. The current chapter begins with a discussion of the psychosocial epidemiology of the disease. This is followed by a review of the pathophysiological mechanisms in CAD and the behavioral and psychosocial factors that either accelerate or attenuate CAD in humans, as well as in important animal models of disease. The final portion of the chapter deals with psychosocial and behavioral interventions following major adverse coronary events. Throughout the chapter, we describe important research and clinical strategies that are intended to guide both basic researchers and clinicians in their evaluation and study of CAD pathogenesis and outcomes.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychological Science and Institute for Memory Disorders and Neurological Impairments, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA

    Daniel A. Nation

  2. Departments of Psychology, Medicine, Public Health Sciences, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Biomedical Engineering, and Behavioral Medicine Research Center, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA

    Neil Schneiderman

  3. Departments of Psychology and Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA

    Philip M. McCabe

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  1. Daniel A. Nation
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  2. Neil Schneiderman
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  3. Philip M. McCabe
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Correspondence to Daniel A. Nation .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Shari R. Waldstein

  2. Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands

    Willem J. Kop

  3. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA

    Edward C. Suarez

  4. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA

    William R. Lovallo

  5. Division of Gerontology Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Leslie I. Katzel

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Nation, D.A., Schneiderman, N., McCabe, P.M. (2022). Biopsychosocial Factors in Coronary Artery Disease. In: Waldstein, S.R., Kop, W.J., Suarez, E.C., Lovallo, W.R., Katzel, L.I. (eds) Handbook of Cardiovascular Behavioral Medicine. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-85960-6_44

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