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Agricultural Land Degradation in Mexico

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Impact of Agriculture on Soil Degradation I

Part of the book series: The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry ((HEC,volume 120))

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Abstract

Mexico is one of the most diverse countries on Earth and is a centre of origin for many major global crops, including bean, cotton, chilli, pumpkin, and avocado. During the past decades, a growing demand for food has promoted clearing and conversion of Mexican forests to arable land, the irrigation of arid regions using limited water resources and the transition of traditional farming practices to more intensive agricultural practices. This rapid conversion of natural ecosystems and poor agricultural practices have caused a marked decline in the soil health, including physical and chemical degradation as well as water and wind erosion. This deterioration in soil health results in a loss of microbial biodiversity, organic and mineral nutrients and water. Here, we describe how different agricultural practices have impacted the range of soil types across the diverse Mexican ecoregions. Despite the negative impact, the Mexican government has proposed to expand and intensify agriculture to increase crop output. Unless new policy regulations, such as the supervision of chemical and fertilizer use, are urgently applied, this expansion and intensification in agriculture will further reduce soil health, resulting in further losses to biodiversity and environmental services upon which Mexican agriculture ultimately depends.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Cátedra Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, Ciudad de México, México

    Nadia S. Santini

  2. Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México

    Nadia S. Santini

  3. Comisión Nacional para el Conocimiento y Uso de la Biodiversidad, Ciudad de México, Mexico

    Angela P. Cuervo-Robayo

  4. Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, Australia

    María Fernanda Adame

Authors
  1. Nadia S. Santini
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  2. Angela P. Cuervo-Robayo
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  3. María Fernanda Adame
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Correspondence to Nadia S. Santini .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Environmental Management Laboratory, Mykolas Romeris Univerisity, Vilnius, Lithuania

    Paulo Pereira

  2. Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of Seville, Seville, Spain

    Miriam Muñoz-Rojas

  3. Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia

    Igor Bogunovic

  4. Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China

    Wenwu Zhao

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Santini, N.S., Cuervo-Robayo, A.P., Adame, M.F. (2022). Agricultural Land Degradation in Mexico. In: Pereira, P., Muñoz-Rojas, M., Bogunovic, I., Zhao, W. (eds) Impact of Agriculture on Soil Degradation I. The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry, vol 120. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/698_2022_915

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