A Current Overview of Scaffold-Based Bone Regeneration Strategies with Dental Stem Cells

Ercal, Pınar; Pekozer, Gorke Gurel

doi:10.1007/5584_2020_505

Pınar Ercal⁷ &
Gorke Gurel Pekozer⁸

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((CBTMED,volume 1288))

1259 Accesses
13 Citations

Abstract

Bone defects due to trauma or diseases still pose a clinical challenge to be resolved in the current tissue engineering approaches. As an alternative to traditional methods to restore bone defects, such as autografts, bone tissue engineering aims to achieve new bone formation via novel biomaterials used in combination with multipotent stem cells and bioactive molecules. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be successfully isolated from various dental tissues at different stages of development including dental pulp, apical papilla, dental follicle, tooth germ, deciduous teeth, periodontal ligament and gingiva. A wide range of biomaterials including polymers, ceramics and composites have been investigated for their potential as an ideal bone scaffold material. This article reviews the properties and the manufacturing methods of biomaterials used in bone tissue engineering, and provides an overview of bone tissue regeneration approaches of scaffold and dental stem cell combinations as well as their limitations.

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Abbreviations

ALP:: Alkaline phosphatase
BCP:: biphasic calcium phosphate
BMP:: Bone morphogenic protein
CaP:: Calcium phosphate
COL1a1:: Collagen type I, alpha 1
DFSC:: Dental follicle stem cells
DPSC:: Dental pulp stem cells
ECM:: Extracellular matrix
EV:: Extracellular vesicles
FGF:: Fibroblast growth factor
GMSC:: Gingival mesenchymal stem cells
HAp:: Hydroxyapatite
HAp/TCP:: Hydroxyapatite tricalcium phosphate
MSC:: Mesenchymal stem cells
PBS:: Poly butylene succinate
PCL:: Poly (ε-caprolactone)
PDLSC:: Periodontal ligament stem cells
PEG:: Poly ethylene glycol
PGA:: Poly (glycolic acid)
PLA:: Poly (lactic acid)
PLGA:: Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)
PLLA:: Poly(L-lactide)
PMMA:: Poly(methyl methacrylate)
SCAP:: Stem cells from apical papilla
SHED:: Stem cells from exfoliated deciduous teeth
TGSC:: Tooth germ stem cells
VEGF:: Vascular endothelial growth factor
β-TCP:: Beta-tricalcium phosphate

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Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral Surgery, Altinbas University, Istanbul, Turkey
Pınar Ercal
Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yıldız Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
Gorke Gurel Pekozer

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Ercal, P., Pekozer, G.G. (2020). A Current Overview of Scaffold-Based Bone Regeneration Strategies with Dental Stem Cells. In: Turksen, K. (eds) Cell Biology and Translational Medicine, Volume 9. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology(), vol 1288. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/5584_2020_505

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