Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Literatur
Literatur
Delange F (1998) Risks and benefits of iodine supplementation. Lancet 351: 923–924
Derwahl M, Studer H (2000) Multinodular goitre: „much more to it than simply iodine deficiency“. Baillieres Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 14: 577–600
Feldkamp J, Seppel T, Becker A, Klisch A, Schlaghecke R, Goretzki PE, Roher HD (1997) Iodide or L-thyroxine to prevent recurrent goiter in an iodine-deficient area: prospective sonographic study. World J Surg 21: 10–14
Gärtner R, Dugrillon A (1998) Vom Jodmangel zur Struma. Internist 39: 566–573
Hegedus L, Nygaard B, Hansen JM (1999) Is routine thyroxine treatment to hinder postoperative recurrence of nontoxic goiter justified? J Clin Endocrinol Metab 84: 756–760
Hintze G, Emrich D, Köbberling J (1989) Treatment of endemic goitre due to iodine deficiency with iodine, levothyroxine or both: results of a multicentre trial. Eur J Clin Invest 19: 527–534
Kahaly G, Dienes HP, Beyer J, Hommel G (1997) Randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled trial of low dose iodide in endemic goiter. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 82: 4049–4053
Leitlinien der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Chirurgie (1998) Therapie der benignen Struma. AWMF online, www.uni-duesseldorf.de/AWMF
Papini E, Petrucci L, Guglielmi R et al. (1998) Long-term changes in nodular goiter: a 5-year prospective randomized trial of levothyroxine suppressive therapy for benign cold thyroid nodules. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 83: 780–783
Quadbeck B, Pruellage J, Roggenbuck U et al. (2002) Long-term follow-up of thyroid nodule growth. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 110: 348–354
Literatur
Abraham P, Avenell A, Watson WA et al. (2003) Antithyroid drug regimen for treating Graves’ hyperthyroidism. Cochrane Database Syst Rev CD003420
Belfiore A, Russo D, Vigneri R, Filetti S (2001) Graves’ disease, thyroid nodules and thyroid cancer. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 55: 711–718
Benker G, Reinwein D, Kahaly G, Tegler L, Alexander WD, Fassbinder J, Hirche H (1998) Is there a methimazole dose effect on remission rate in Graves’ disease? Results from a long-term prospective study. The European Multicentre Trial Group of the Treatment of Hyperthyroidism with Antithyroid Drugs. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 49: 451–457
Feldt-Rasmussen U, Schleusener H, Carayon P (1994) Meta-analysis evaluation of the impact of thyrotropin receptor antibodies on long term remission after medical therapy of Graves’ disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 78: 98–102
Hoermann R, Quadbeck B, Roggenbuck U et al. (2002) Relapse of Graves’ disease after successful outcome of antithyroid drug therapy: results of a prospective randomized study on the use of levothyroxine. Thyroid 12: 1119–1128
Horacek J, Franklyn JA (2003) Radioiodine treatment of Graves’ hyperthyroidism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 88: 6113
Leitlinien der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Nuklearmedizin (1999) Radiojodtherapie gutartiger Schilddrüsenkrankheiten. AWMF online, www.uniduesseldorf.de/AWMF
Mandel SJ, Cooper DS (2001) The use of antithyroid drugs in pregnancy and lactation. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 86: 2354–2359
Nedrebo BG, Holm PI, Uhlving S et al. (2002) Predictors of outcome and comparison of different drug regimens for the prevention of relapse in patients with Graves’ disease. Eur J Endocrinol 147: 583–589
Palit TK, Miller CC 3rd, Miltenburg DM (2000) The efficacy of thyroidectomy for Graves’ disease: A meta-analysis. J Surg Res 90: 161–165
Pfeilschifter J, Ziegler R (1997) Suppression of serum thyrotropin with thyroxine in patients with Graves’ disease: effects on recurrence of hyperthyroidism and thyroid volume. Eur J Endocrinol 136: 81–86.
Rapoport B, Chazenbalk GD, Jaume JC, McLachlan SM (1998) The thyrotropin (TSH) receptor: interaction with TSH and autoantibodies. Endocr Rev 19: 673–716
Reinwein D, Benker G, Lazarus JH, Alexander WD (1993) A prospective randomized trial of antithyroid drug dose in Graves’ disease therapy. European Multicenter Study Group on Antithyroid Drug Treatment. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 76: 1516–1521
Spitzweg C, Rossmuller B, Heufelder AE (1998) Radioiodine therapy and Graves’ ophthalmopathy. Thyroid 8: 1193
Vestergaard P (2002) Smoking and thyroid disorders — a meta-analysis. Eur J Endocrinol 146: 153–161
Weetman AP (2000) Graves’ disease. N Engl J Med 343: 1236–1248
Witte J, Goretzki PE, Dotzenrath C, Simon D, Felis P, Neubauer M, Roher HD (2000) Surgery for Graves’ disease: total versus subtotal thyroidectomy — results of a prospective randomized trial. World J Surg 24: 1303–1311
Literatur
Bartalena L, Marcocci C, Pinchera A (2002) Graves’ ophthalmopathy: a preventable disease? Eur J Endocrinol 146: 457–461
Bartalena L, Marcocci C, Tanda ML et al. (1998) Cigarette smoking and treatment outcomes in Graves ophthalmopathy. Ann Intern Med 129: 632–635
Gorman CA, Garrity JA, Fatourechi V et al. (2001) A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of orbital radiotherapy for Graves’ ophthalmopathy. Ophthalmology 108: 1523–1534
Heufelder AE (2000) Pathogenesis of ophthalmopathy in autoimmune thyroid disease. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 1: 87–95
Kahaly GJ, Rosler HP, Pitz S, Hommel G (2000) Low-versus high-dose radiotherapy for Graves’ ophthalmopathy: a randomized, single blind trial. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 85: 102–108
Krassas GE, Heufelder AE (2001) Immunosuppressive therapy in patients with thyroid eye disease: an overview of current concepts. Eur J Endocrinol 144: 311–318
Marcocci C, Bartalena L, Tanda ML et al. (2000) Radiotherapy for Graves’ orbitopathy: randomised placebo-controlled study. Lancet 355: 1505–1509
Prummel MF, Mourits MP, Blank L, Berghout A, Koornneef L, Wiersinga WM (1993) Randomized double-blind trial of prednisone versus radiotherapy in Graves’ ophthalmopathy. Lancet 342: 949–954
Prummel MF, Terwee CB, Gerding MN et al. (2004) A randomized controlled trial of orbital radiotherapy versus sham irradiation in patients with mild Graves’ ophthalmopathy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 89: 15–20
Literatur
Corvilain B, Van Sande J, Dumont JE, Bourdoux P, Ermans AM (1998) Autonomy in endemic goiter. Thyroid 8: 107–113
Derwahl M, Studer H (2000) Multinodular goitre: „much more to it than simply iodine deficiency“. Baillieres Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 14: 577–600
Emrich D (1999) Jodmangelstruma mit funktioneller Autonomie. Diagnostische und therapeutische Indikationen. Nuklearmedizin 38: 3–5
Krohn K, Paschke R (2001) Clinical review 133: Progress in understanding the etiology of thyroid autonomy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 86: 3336–3345
Leitlinien der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Nuklearmedizin (1999) Radiojodtherapie gutartiger Schilddrüsenkrankheiten. AWMF online, www.uni-duesseldorf.de/AWMF.
Papini E, Panunzi C, Pacella CM, Bizzarri G, Fabbrini R, Petrucci L, Pisicchio G, Nardi F (1993) Percutaneous ultrasound-guided ethanol injection: a new treatment of toxic autonomously functioning thyroid nodules? J Clin Endocrinol Metab 76: 411–416
Rendl J, Saller B (2001) Schilddrüse und Röntgenkontrastmittel — Pathophysiologie, Häufigkeit und medikamentöse Prophylaxe der iodinduzierten Hyperthyreose. Deutsches Ärzteblatt 98: 316–320
Roti E, Uberti ED (2001) Iodine excess and hyperthyroidism. Thyroid 11: 493–500
Sandrock D, Olbricht T, Emrich D, Benker G, Reinwein D (1993) Long-term follow-up in patients with autonomous thyroid adenoma. Acta Endocrinol (Copenh) 128: 51–55
Schumm-Draeger PM (1998) Ultrasound-guided percutaneous ethanol injection in the treatment of autonomous thyroid nodules — a review. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 106: S59–62
Toft AD (2001) Clinical practice. Subclinical hyperthyroidism. N Engl J Med 345: 512–516
Zingrillo M, Torlontano M, Ghiggi MR, Frusciante V, Varraso A, Liuzzi A, Trischitta V (2000) Radioiodine and percutaneous ethanol injection in the treatment of large toxic thyroid nodule: a long-term study. Thyroid 10: 985–989
Literatur
Dayan CM, Daniels GH (1996) Chronic autoimmune thyroiditis. N Engl J Med 335: 99–107
Fatourechi V (2001) Subclinical thyroid disease. Mayo Clin Proc 76: 413–416; quiz 416–417
Koh LK, Greenspan FS, Yeo PP (1997) Interferon-alpha induced thyroid dysfunction: three clinical presentations and a review of the literature. Thyroid 7: 891–896
Martino E, Bartalena L, Bogazzi F, Braverman LE (2001) The effects of amiodarone on the thyroid. Endocr Rev 22: 240–254
Muller AF, Drexhage HA, Berghout A (2002) Postpartum thyroiditis and autoimmune thyroiditis in women of childbearing age: recent insights and consequences for antenatal and postnatal care. Endocr Rev 22: 605–630
Roberts CG, Ladenson PW (2004) Hypothyroidism. Lancet 363: 793–803
Roti E, Uberti E (2002) Post-partum thyroiditis — a clinical update. Eur J Endocrinol 146: 275–279
Schumm-Draeger PM (1998) Thyreoiditis. Formen, Diagnostik, Therapie. Internist (Berl) 39: 594–598
Toft AD (1994) Thyroxine therapy. N Engl J Med 331: 174–180
Walfish PG (1997) Thyroiditis. Curr Ther Endocrinol Metab 6: 117–122
Vanderpump MP, Tunbridge WM, French JM et al. (1995) The incidence of thyroid disorders in the community: a twenty-year follow-up of the Whickham Survey. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 43: 55–68
Literatur
Brandi ML, Gagel RF, Angeli A et al. (2001) Guidelines for diagnosis and therapy of MEN type 1 and type 2. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 86: 5658–5671
Gimm O, Sutter T, Dralle H (2001) Diagnosis and therapy of sporadic and familial medullary thyroid carcinoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 127: 156–165
Giuffrida D, Gharib H (2000) Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma: current diagnosis and treatment. Ann Oncol 11: 1083–1089
Hoelzer S, Reiners C, Mann K, Bamberg M, Rothmund M, Dudeck J, Stewart AV, Hundahl SA (2000) Patterns of care for patients with primary differentiated carcinoma of the thyroid gland treated in Germany during 1996. U.S. and German Thyroid Cancer Group. Cancer 89: 192–201
Interdisziplinäre Leitlinie der Deutschen Krebsgesellschaft und der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Chirurgie (2002) Maligne Schilddrüsentumoren. AWMF online, www.uni-duesseldorf.de/AWMF
Kebebew E, Clark OH (2000) Medullary thyroid cancer. Curr Treat Options Oncol 1: 359–367
Lawrence W Jr, Kaplan BJ (2002) Diagnosis and management of patients with thyroid nodules. J Surg Oncol 80: 157–170
Mann K (2002) Diagnostik und Therapie differenzierter Schilddrüsenkarzinome. Internist (Berl) 43: 174–185
Mazzaferri EL (1999) An overview of the management of papillary and follicular thyroid carcinoma. Thyroid 9: 421–427
Mazzaferri EL, Kloos RT (2000) Using recombinant human TSH in the management of well-differentiated thyroid cancer: current strategies and future directions. Thyroid 10: 767–778
Saller B (2001) Treatment with cytotoxic drugs. In: Biersack HJ, Grünwald F, Hrsg. Thyroid cancer. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo, pp 139–151
Schmid KW, Shen SY, Görges R et al. (2003) Tumoren der Schilldrüse. Pathologe 24: 357–372
Literatur
Janssen OE (1998) Resistenz gegen Schilddrüsenhormone. Internist (Berl) 39: 613–618
Weiss RE, Refetoff S (2000) Resistance to thyroid hormone. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 1: 97–108
Literatur
Betterle C, Dal Pra C, Mantero F, Zanchetta R (2002) Autoimmune adrenal insufficiency and autoimmune polyendocrine syndromes: autoantibodies, autoantigens, and their applicability in diagnosis and disease prediction. Endocr Rev 23: 327–364
Literatur
Reichmann I, Frilling A, Hörmann R, Krause U, Broelsch CE (2001) Frühoperation als Behandlungsmassnahme der thyreotoxischen Krise. Chirurg 72: 402–407
Ringel MD (2001) Management of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism in the intensive care unit. Crit Care Clin 17: 59–74
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2005 Springer-Verlag Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Saller, B., Janssen, O.E. (2005). Schilddrüse. In: Schölmerich, J., et al. Medizinische Therapie 2005|2006. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-27385-9_60
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-27385-9_60
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-21226-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-27385-1
eBook Packages: Medicine (German Language)