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Erkrankungen der Speiseröhre

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Therapie innerer Krankheiten

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Zusammenfassung

In der westlichen Welt nimmt die Bedeutung von Erkrankungen der Speiseröhre immer mehr zu. Die gastroösophageale Refluxkrankheit hat einen negativen Effekt auf die Lebensqualität. Es wird zunehmend bewusst, dass Heiserkeit und chronische Bronchitis auf Reflux beruhen können. Die Langzeittherapie der Refluxkrankheit mit Protonenpumpenhemmern ist effektiv und sicher (Klinkenberg-Knol et al. 2000).

Die Häufigkeit des Adenokarzinoms am gastroösophagealen Übergang nimmt in der westlichen Welt deutlich zu. Neue diagnostische Modalitäten wie Chromoendoskopie und Zoom-Endoskopie erlauben eine bessere Früherkennung. Die endoskopische Mukosaresektion ist ein innovatives Verfahren, Frühkarzinome ohne Entfernung der gesamten Speiseröhre zu resezieren (Ell et al. 2000). Beim lokal begrenzten Ösophaguskarzinom verbessert die multimodale Therapie mit neoadjuvanter Radiochemotherapie und anschließender Ösophagektomie die Heilungschancen (Stahl et al. 2001).

Leitsymptome bei Erkrankungen der Speiseröhre sind:

  • Sodbrennen (aus dem Epigastrium nach retrosternal aufsteigender brennender Schmerz)

  • Odynophagie (schmerzhafte Passage eines Bissens)

  • krampfartige retrosternale Schmerzen, die Angina pectoris imitieren

  • Dysphagie (Gefühl der Passagebehinderung der geschluckten Nahrung)

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Authors
  1. M. Katschinski
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  1. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I und II, Klinikum der Universität München-Großhadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, München

    Gerhard Steinbeck  & Gustav Paumgartner  & 

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Katschinski, M. (2005). Erkrankungen der Speiseröhre. In: Steinbeck, G., et al. Therapie innerer Krankheiten. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-26504-X_41

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-26504-X_41

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-23750-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-26504-7

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