Abstract
This paper proposes an efficient video watermarking scheme using adaptive threshold and minimum modification of motion vectors. Our proposed algorithm guarantees the amount of embedded watermark data and minimizes modification of original motion vectors to avoid degradation of video quality without reducing payloads. Besides, our algorithm can embed and retrieve watermark data without any increment of bit rate and original video contents. Experimental result shows that the proposed scheme obtains better video quality than other previous algorithms by about 0.5~1.1dB. Our scheme can be useful to real-time video watermarking which must be compatible to MPEG video coding.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Cox, I.J., Linnartz, J.P.M.G.: Public watermarks and resistance to tampering. In: Proceeding of the IEEE international conference on image processing, vol. 3, pp. 3–6 (1997)
Podilchuk, C.I., Zeng, W.: Digital image watermarking using visual models. In: Proceeding of the SPIE conference on human vision and electronic imaging, vol. 3016, pp. 100–111 (1997)
van Schyndel, R.G., Tirkel, A.Z., Osborne, C.F.: A digital watermark. In: Proceeding of the IEEE international conference on image processing, vol. 2, pp. 86–90 (1994)
Barni, M., Bartolini, F., Caldelli, R., De Rosa, A., Piva, A.: A robust watermarking approach for raw video. In: PV 2000 10th international packet video workshop (May 2000)
Chae, J., Manjunath, B.: Data hiding in video. In: Proceedings of the 1999 international conference on image processing, October 1999, vol. 1, pp. 311–315 (1999)
Kusanagi, A., Imai, H.: A method of watermarking for compressed video. In: Symposium on cryptography and information security, SCIS 1999-W4-2.3, Kobe (1999)
Ghosh, D., Ramakrishna, K.: Watermarking compressed video stream over Internet. In: Proceedings of IEEE APCC 2003, September 2003, vol. 2, pp. 711–715 (2003)
Kutter, M., Jordan, F., Ebrahimi, T.: Proposal of a watermarking technique for hiding/retrieving data in compressed and decompressed video, Technical report M2281, ISO/IEC document, JTC1/SC29/WG11 (1997)
Hartung, F., Girod, B.: Digital watermarking of MPEG2 coded video in the bitstream domain. In: Proceedings of IEEE ICASSP 1997, April 1997, vol. 4, pp. 2621–2624 (1997)
Dai, Y., Zhang, L., Yang, Y.: A new method of MPEG video watermarking technology. In: Proceedings of the ICCT international conference on communication technology, April 2003, vol. 2, pp. 1845–1847 (2003)
Zhang, J., Maitre, H., Li, J., Zhang, L.: Embedding watermark in MPEG video sequence. In: 2001 IEEE Fourth workshop Multimedia signal processing, pp. 535–540 (2001)
Zhao, Z., Yu, N., Li, X.: A novel video watermarking scheme in compressed domain based on fast motion estimation. In: Proceedings of the ICCT 2003, April 2003, vol. 2, pp. 1878–1882 (2003)
Zhongjie, Z., Gangyi, J., Mei, Y., Xunwei, W.: New Alogorithm for video watermark. In: ICSP, August 2002, vol. 1, pp. 760–763 (2002)
Zhang, J., Li, J., Zhang, L.: Video watermark technique in motion vector. In: XIV Brazilian symposium on computer graphics and image processing, pp. 179–182 (October 2001)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2005 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Kang, KW., Moon, KS., Jung, GS., Kim, JN. (2005). An Efficient Video Watermarking Scheme Using Adaptive Threshold and Minimum Modification on Motion Vectors. In: Kamel, M., Campilho, A. (eds) Image Analysis and Recognition. ICIAR 2005. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 3656. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/11559573_37
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/11559573_37
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-29069-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-31938-2
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)