Skip to main content

Part of the book series: Engineering Materials and Processes ((EMP))

  • 442 Accesses

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 259.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 329.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 329.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

10.11 References

  • Adu, C.K.W., Sumanasekera, G.U., Pradhan, B.K., Romero, H.E., Eklund, P.C. (2001) Chem. Phys. Lett. 337, 31.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Akagi, K, Piao, G., Kaneko, S., Sakamaki, K., Shirakawa, H., Kyotani, M. (1998) Science 282, 1683

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Albert, K.J., Lewis, N.S., Schauer, C.L., Sotzing, G.A., Stitzel, S.E., Vaid, T.P., Walt, D.R. (2000) Chem. Rev. 100, 2595.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Albert, S.K., Remash, C., Murugesan, N., Gill, T.P.S., Periaswami, G., Kulkarni, S.D. in (1997) Weld. Res. (Miami), July, American Welding Society.

    Google Scholar 

  • Albrecht, M., Schlupp, M., Bargon, J., van Koten, G. (2001) Chem. Commun. 1874.

    Google Scholar 

  • Albrecht, M., Gossage, R.A., van Koten, G., Spek, A.L. (1998) Chem. Commun. 1003.

    Google Scholar 

  • Albrecht, M., Van, K.G. (1999) Adv. Mater. 11, 171.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Alcamo, I.E. (2001) DNA Technology. 2nd Edition, Academic Press, California.

    Google Scholar 

  • Amao, Y., Asai, K., Okura, I. (1999) Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 72, 2223, and references cited therein.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Amrani, M.E.H.; Ibrahim, M.S., Persaud, K.C. (1993) Mat. Sci. Eng. C1, 17.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Aparicio, R., Rocha, S.M., Delgadillo, I., Morales, M.T. (2000) J. Agric. Food Chem. 48, 853.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Arenkov, P., Kukhtin, A., Gernmell, A., Voloshchuk, S., Chupeeva, V., Mirzabekov, A. (2000) Anal. Biochem. 278, 123.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Baldacci, S., Matsuno, T., Toko, K., Stella, R., De Rossi, D. (1998) Sens. Mater. 10, 185.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Barnard, R.D. (1972) Thermoelectricity in Metal and Alloys, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Baughman, R.H., Shacklette, L.W. (1991) In Science and Application of Conducting Polymers, Salaneck, W.R., Clark, D.T., Samuelsen, E.J. (eds) Adam Hilger, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Berney, H., West, J., Haefele, E., Alderman, J., Lane, W., Collins, J.K. (2000) Sens. Actuators B 68, 100.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Biggins, J.B., Prudent, J.R., Marshall, D.J., Ruppen, M., Thorson, J.S. (2000) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97, 13537.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Borman, S. (2000) C&E News December 11, 51.

    Google Scholar 

  • Buttner, W., Maclay, G.J., Street, J.R. (1990) Sens. Actuators B 1, 303.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chee, M., Yang, R., Hubbell, E., Berno, A., Huang, X.C., Stern, D., Winkler, J., Lockhart, D.J., Morris, M.S., Fodor, S.P.A. (1996) Science 274, 610.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Christensen, W.H., Sinha, D.N., Agnew, S.F. (1993) Sens. Actuators B 10, 149.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Collins G.E., Buckley, L.J. (1996) Synth. Met. 78, 93.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Collins, P.G., Bradley, K., Ishigami, M., Zettl, A. (2000) Science 286, 1801.

    Google Scholar 

  • Crawford, K.B., Goldfinger, M.B., Swager, T.M. (1998) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 120, 5187.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Currie, J.F., Essalik, A., Marusic, J.C. (1999) Sens. Actuators B 59, 235.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Czarnik, A.W. (1992) Fluorescent Chemosensors for Ion and Molecule Recognition, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dai, H., Hafner, J.H., Rinzler, A.G., Colbert, D.T., Smalley, R.E. (1996) Nature 384, 147.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dai, L. (1999) In Semiconducting Polymers: Applications, Properties, and Synthesis, Hsieh, B.R., Wei, Y. (eds) ACS Symp. Ser., 735, ACS, Washington DC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dai, L. (2001) Aust. J. Chem. 54, 11.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dai, L., Mau, A.W.H. (2001) Adv. Mater. 13, 899.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dermody, D.L., Peez, R.F., Bergbreiter, D.E., Crooks, R.M. (1999) Langmuir 15, 885.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Di Francesco, F., Lazzerini, B., Marcelloni, F., Pioggia, G. (2001) Atmos. Eniron. 35, 1225.

    Google Scholar 

  • Egashira, M., Shimizu, Y., Eshita, A. (1988) J. Electrochem. Soc. 135, 2546.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Eggers, M., Hogan, M, Reich, R.K., Lamture, J., Ehrlich, D., Hollis, M., Kosicki, B., Powdrill, T., Beattie, K., Smith, S., Varma, R, Gangadharan, R., Mallik, A., Burke, B., Wallace, D. (1994) Biotechniques 17, 516.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Eggins, B.R. (1996) Biosensors: an Introduction, John Wiley & Sons and B.G. Teubner Publishers, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • El-sherif, M.A., Yuan, J.M., MacDiarmid, A. (2000) J. Intell. Mater. Sys. Struct. 11, 407.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Endres, H.-E., Hartinger, R., Schwaiger, M., Gmelch, G., Roth, M. (1999) Sens. Actuators B 57, 83.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fabre, B., Burlet, S., Cespuglio, R., Bidan, G. (1997) J. Electroanal. Chem. 426, 75–83.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Favier, F., Walter, E.C., Zach, M.P., Benter, T., Penner, R.M. (2001) Science 293, 2227.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fodor, S.P.A., Read, J.L., Pirrung, M.C., Stryer, L., Lu, A.T., Solas, D. (1991) Science 251, 767.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fodor, S.P., Rava, P., Huang, X.C., Pease, A.C., Hotnies, C.P., Adams, C.L. (1993) Nature 364, 555.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Foulkes, E. (1990) Biological Effects of Heavy Metals, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida.

    Google Scholar 

  • Frank, S., Poncharal, P., Wang, Z.L., de Heer, W.A. (1998) Science 280, 1744.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Freund, M.S., Lewis, N.S. (1995) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 92, 2652.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gao, M., Dai, L., Wallace, G. (2003) Electranaly. 15, 1089.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gao, M., Huang, S., Dai, L., Wallace, G., Gao, R., Wang, Z. (2000b) Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 39, 3664.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gao, R., Wang, Z.L., Bai, Z., de Heer, W.A., Dai, L. Gao, M. (2000a) Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 622.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Garnier, F., Korri-Youssoufi, H., Srivastava, P., Mandrand, B., Delair, T. (1999) Synth. Met. 100, 89.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gelperin, A., Dawson, J.L., Cazares, S.M., Seung, H.S. (1999) In Electron. Noses Sens. Array Based Syst., Proc. Int. Symp. Olfaction Electron. Nose, Hurst, W.J. (ed.), Technomic Publishing Co., Inc., Lancaster.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gokel, G.W. (1991) Crown Ethers and Cryptands, The Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Guadarrama, A., Fernandez, J.A., Iniguez, M., Souto, J., de Saja, J.A. (2000) Anal. Chim Acta 411, 193.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hasebe, Y., Arai, M., Yamauchi, T., Uchiyama, S. (1999) Chem. Sens. 15, 163.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hashimoto, K., Ito, K., Ishimori, Y. (1998) Sens. Actuators B 46, 220.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hatfield, J.V., Neaves, P.I., Hicks, P.J., Persaud, K.C., Travers, P. (1994) Sens. Actuators B 18, 221.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Heil, C., Windscheif, G.R., Braschohs, S., Florke, J., Glaser, J., Lopez, M., Muller-Albrecht, J., Schramm, U., Bargon, J., Vogtle, F. (1999) Sens. Actuators, B 61, 51.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hellemans, A. (2000) Science 290, 1529.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hoa, D.T., Kumar, T.N.S., Punekar, N.S., Srinivasa, R.S., Lal, R., Contractor, A.Q. (1992) Anal. Chem. 64, 2645.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Huang, H., Dasgupta, P.K. (1991) Anal. Chem. 63, 1570.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hwang, B.J., Yang, J.Y., Lin, C.W. (2001) Sens. Actuators B 75, 67.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Inoue, Y., Gokel, G.W. (1990) Cation Binding by Macrocycles, Marcel Dekker Inc., New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jones, T.T., Chyan, O.M., Wrighton, M.S. (1987) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 109, 5526, and references cited therein.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kim, J., McQuade, D.T., McHugh, S.K., Swager, T.M. (2000) Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 39, 3868.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kim, C., Park, E., Song, C.K., Koo, B.W. (2001) Synth. Met. 123, 493.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Koda, H., Nakajima, H., Sakurai, Y., Okamoto, A. (2000) Chem. Sens. (Japanese) 16(Suppl. B), 106.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kolla, P. (1997) Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 36, 800.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kong, J., Chapline, M.G., Dai, H. (2001) Adv. Mater. 13, 1384.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kong, J., Franklin, N.R., Zhou, C., Chapline, M.G., Peng, S., Cho, K., Dai, H. (2000) Science 287, 622.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kovvali, A.S., Chen, H., Sirkar, K.K. (2000) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 122, 7594.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kranz, C., Wohlschlaeger, H., Schmidt, H.-L., Schuhmann, W. (1998) Electroanalysis 10, 546.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lam, M.H.W., Lee, D.Y.K., Man, K.W., Lau, C.S.W. (2000) J. Mater. Chem. 10, 1825.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lamture, J.B., Beattie K.L., Burke, B.E., Eggers, M.D., Ehrlich, D.J., Fowler, R., Hollis, M.A., Kosicki, B.B., Reich, R.K., Smith, S.R., Varma, R.S., Hogan, M.E. (1994) Nucleic Acids Res. 22, 2121

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lee, M.S., Meyer, J.U. (2000) Sens. Actuators B 68, 293.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Li, C.Z., He, H.X., Bogozi, A., Bunch, J.S., Tao, N.J. (2000) Appl. Phys. Lett. 76, 1333.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Li, J., Lu, Y. (2000) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 122, 10466. and references cited therein.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lonergan, M.C., Severin, E.J., Doleman, B.J., Beaber, S.A., Grubbs, R.H., Lewis, N.S. (1996) Chem. Mater. 8, 2298.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lourie, O., Wagner, H.D. (1998) J. Mater. Res. 13, 2418.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • MacBeath, G., Schreiber, S.L. (2000) Science 289, 1760.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • MacDiarmid, A.G. (1997) Synth. Met. 84, 27.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Magan, N., Pavlou, A., Chrysanthakis, I. (2001) Sens. Actuators B 72, 28.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mandelis, A., Christofides, C. (1993) Physics, Chemistry and Technology of Solid State Gas Sensor Devices, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marliere, C. Poncharal, P., Vaccarini, L., Zahab, A. (2000) Mater. Res. Soc. Sym. Proc. 539, 173.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marsella, M.J., Swager, T.M. (1993) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 115, 12214.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Marx, J. (2000) Science 289, 1670.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Matsubara, S., Kaneko, S., Morimoto, S., Shimizu, S., Ishihara, T., Takita, Y. (2000) Sens. Actuators B 65, 128.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Matsue, T., Nishizawa, M., Sawaguchi, T., Uchida, I. (1991) Chem. Commun. 1029.

    Google Scholar 

  • Matsue, T., Yamada, H., Chang, H.-C., Uchida, I., Nagata, K., Tomita, K. (1990) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 29, 1038.

    Google Scholar 

  • Maureen, R.A. (1997) C&E News March 10, 14.

    Google Scholar 

  • McQuade, D.T., Hegedus, A.H., Swager, T.M. (2000) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 122, 12389.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Miller, L.L., Kunugi, Y., Canavesi, A., Rigaut, S., Moorefield, C.N., Newkome, G.R. (1998) Chem. Mater. 10, 1751.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Munstedt, H. (1986) Polymer 27, 899.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nakatsuji, Y., Kita, K., Inoue, H., Zhang, W., Kida, T., Ikeda, I. (2000) J. Am. Chem. 122, 6307.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Needleman, H.L. (1992) Human Lead Exposure, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nicolini, C., Erokhin, V., Facci, P., Guerzoni, S., Ross, A., Paschkevitsch, P. (1997) Biosens. Bioelectron. 12, 613.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nishizawa, M., Matsue, T., Uchida, I. (1992) Anal. Chem. 64, 2642.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nosaka, T., Sakurai, Y., Natsukawa, K., Yotsuya, T., Nishida, K., Akae, N. (1999) Adv. Sci. Technol. (Faenza, Italy), 26 (Solid State Chemical and Biochemical Sensors), 255.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Odom, T.W., Huang, J.-L., Kim, P., Lieber, C.M. (2000) J. Phys. Chem. B 104, 2794, and references cited therein.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ogura, K., Kokura, M., Nakayama, M. (1995) J. Electrochem. Soc. 142, L152.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ogura, K., Shiigi, H., Nakayama, M. (1996) J. Electrochem. Soc. 143, 2925.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ong, K.G., Grimes, C.A. (2000) Smart Mater. Struct. 9, 421.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ong, K.G., Kichambare, P.D., Grimes, C.A. (2001) Sensors and Actuators A 93, 33.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Osada, Y., De Rossi, D.E., (Eds) (2000) Polymer Sensors and Actuators, Springer, Berlin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Otagawa, T., Madou, M., Wing, S., Rich-Alexander, J., Kusanagi, S., Fujioka, T., Yasuda, A. (1990) Sens. Actuators B 1, 319.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oubda, T., Zhao, P., Nauer, G.E. (1998) Polym. News 23, 331.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pearce, T.C., Gardner, J.W., Friel, S., Bartlett, P.N., Blair, N. (1993) Analyst 118, 371.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pede, D., Smela, E., Johansson, T., Johansson, M., Inganaes, O. (1998) Adv. Mater. 10, 233.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Persaud, K.C., Pelosi, P. (1985) Trans. Am. Soc. Artif. Organs 31, 297.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Poncharal, P., Wang, Z.L., Ugarte, D., de Heer, W.A. (1999) Science 283, 1513, and references cited therein.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Prodi, L., Bargossi, C., Montalti, M., Zaccheroni, N., Su, N., Bradshaw, J.S., Izatt, R.M., Savage, P.B. (2000) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 122, 6769.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Qiu, H., Wan, M., Matthews, B., Dai, L. (2001) Macromolecules 34, 675.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Radeva, E., Georgiev, V., Spassov, L., Koprinarov, N., Kanev, St. (1997) Sens. Actuators B. 42, 11.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rouhi, A.M. (2001) C&E News June 11, 29, and references cited therein.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sadaoka, Y., Sakai, Y. (1986) J. Mater. Sci. 21, 235.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sakai, Y., Sadaoka, Y., Matsuguchi, M., Yokouchi, H., Tamai, K. (1995) Mater. Chem. & Phys. 42, 73.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sazou, D., Georgolios, C. (1997) J. Electroanal. Chem. 429, 81.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schena, M. (Ed.) (1999) DNA Microarrays: A Practical Approach, Oxford University Press, Oxford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schena, M., Davis, R.W. (1998) In PCR Methods Manual, Innis, M., Gelfand, D., Sninsky, J. (eds), Academic Press, San Diego.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schena, M., Shalon, D., Davis, R.W., Brown, P.O. (1995) Science 270, 467.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schurmer, H.V., Corcoran, P., Gardner, J.W. (1991) Sens. Actuators 4, 29.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shimizu, Y., Komori, K., Egashira, M. (1989) J. Electrochem. Soc. 136, 2256.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sophie, D.-C., Pierre-Yves, S., Marc, D. (2000) Polym. Mater. Sci. Eng. 83, 498.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stella, R., Barisci, N., Serra, G., Wallace, G.G., De Rossi, D. (2000) Sens. Actuators B 63, 1.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Swager, T.M. (1998) Acc. Chem. Res. 31, 201.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stuetz, R.M., Fenner, R.A., Engin, G. (1998) Water Res. 33, 453.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sumanasekera, G.U., Adu, C.A.K., Fang, S., Eklund, P.C. (2000) Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 1096.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Talaie, A. (1997) Polymer 38, 1145.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tanaka, F., Kawai, T., Kojima, S., Yoshino, K. (1999) Synth. Met. 102, 1358.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thess, A., Lee, R., Nikolaev, P., Dai, H., Petit, P., Robert, J., Xu, C., Lee, Y.H., Kim, S.G., Rinzler, A.G., Colbert, D.T., Scuseria, G.E., Tomanek, D., Fischer, J.E., Smalley, R.E. (1996) Science 273, 483.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Torsi, L., Pezzuto, M., Siciliano, P., Rella, R., Sabbatini, L., Valli, L., Zambonin, P.G. (1998) Sens. Actuators B 48, 362.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tsang, S.C., Chen, Y.K., Harris, P.J.F., Green, M.L.H. (1994) Nature 372, 159.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Uetz, P., Giot, L., Cagney, G., Mansfield, T.A., Judson, R.S., Knight, J.R., Lockshon, D., Narayan, V., Srinivasan, M., Pochart, P., Qureshi-Emili, A., Li, Y., Godwin, B., Conover, D., Kalbfleisch, T., Vijayadamodar, G., Yang, M., Johnston, M., Fields, S., Rothberg, J.M. (2000) Nature 403, 623.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Varghese, O.K., Kichambre, P.D., Gong, D., Ong, K.G., Dickey, E.C., Grimes, C.A. (2001) Sensors and Actuators B 81, 32.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ward, M.D., Buttry, D.A. (1990) Science 249, 4972.

    Google Scholar 

  • Watson, J.D., Crick, F.H.C. (1953) Nature 171, 737.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Williams, K.A., Eklund, P.C. (2000) Chem. Phys. Lett. 320, 352.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wong, S.S., Harper, J.D., Lansbury, P.T. Jr., Lieber, C.M. (1998a) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 120, 603.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wong, S.S., Joselevich, E., Woolley, A.T., Cheung, C., Lieber, C.M. (1998b) Nature 394, 52.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wong, S.S., Woolley, A.T., Joselevich, E., Cheung, C., Lieber, C.M. (1998c) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 120, 8557

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wood, J.R., Wagner, H.D. (2000) Appl. Phys. Lett. 76, 2883.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wood, J., Zhao, Q., Frogley, M.D., Meurs, E.R., Prins, A.D., Peijs, T., Dunstan, D.J., Wagner, H.D. (2000) Phys. Rev. B, Condens. Matter. Mater. Phys. 62, 7571.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wu, G., Datar, R.H., Hansn, K.M., Thundat, T., Cote, R.J., Majumdar, A. (2001) Nat. Biotechnol. 19, 856.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wu, X.Q., Shimizu, Y., Egashira, M. (1989) J. Electrochem. Soc. 136, 2892.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Xin, Y., Hirata, M., Yosomiya, R. (1987) Proc. Transducers 87, 669.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yan, H., Lu, J.T. (1989) Sens. Actuators 19, 33.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yang, J.-S., Swager, T.M. (1998a) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 120, 5321.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yang, J.-S., Swager, T.M. (1998b) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 120, 11864.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yasuzawa, M., Kunugi, A. (1999) Electrochem. Commun. 1, 459.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yu, G., Wang, J., McElvain, J., Heeger, A.J. (1998) Adv. Mater. 10, 1431.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhu, H., Klemic, J., Chang, S., Bertone, P., Casamayor, A., Klemic, K.G., Smith, D., Gerstein, M., Reed, M.A., Snyder, M. (2000) Nature Genet. 26, 283.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhu, H., Bilgin, M., Bangham, R., Hall, D., Casamayor, A., Bertone, P., Lan, N., Jansen, R., Bidlingmaier, S., Houfek, T., Mitchell, T., Miller, P., Dean, R.A., Gerstein, M., Snyder, M. (2001) Science 293, 2101.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2004 Springer-Verlag London Limited

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

(2004). Sensors and Sensor Arrays. In: Intelligent Macromolecules for Smart Devices. Engineering Materials and Processes. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/1-85233-849-0_10

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/1-85233-849-0_10

  • Publisher Name: Springer, London

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-85233-510-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-85233-849-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics