Abstract
Post-translational modifications by the ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like pathways have recently emerged as common mechanisms to regulate the turnover and functions of many transcription factors. Improper modifications of these regulatory proteins may play an important role in the initiation and/or progression of human diseases. Recent evidence suggests that stability, activity and signaling strength of Smads are fine-tuned via various post-translational modifications including, ubiquitination and sumoylation. Critical functions of the modifications are underscored by their functional consequence in TGF-β antiproliferative and transcriptional responses. Thus the modification of Smads may control diverse developmental processes and the pathogenesis of many diseases including cancer, autoimmune diseases, and fibrotic diseases. In this chapter, we will focus on the functions and underlying mechanisms of ubiquitin and SUMO modifications on Smads
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Feng, XH., Lin, X. (2006). Regulation of Smad Functions Through Ubiquitination and Sumoylation Pathways. In: Dijke, P.t., Heldin, CH. (eds) Smad Signal Transduction. Proteins and Cell Regulation, vol 5. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-4709-6_13
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