Skip to main content

Diagnosis and Treatment of Infection

  • Chapter
Essential Practice of Surgery
  • 268 Accesses

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Dunn DL. Autochthonous microflora of the gastrointestinal tract. Perspect Colon Rectal Surg 1990;2:105–119.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Dunn DL, Barke RA, Knight NB, Humphrey EW, Simmons RL. Role of resident macrophages, peripheral neutrophils, and translymphatic absorption in bacterial clearance from the peritoneal cavity. Infect Immun 1985;49:257–264.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Dunn DL, Simmons RL. Fibrin in peritonitis. III. The mechanism of bacterial trapping by polymerizing fibrin. Surgery (St. Louis) 1982;92:513–519.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Dunn DL, Meakins JL. Humoral immunity to infection and the complement system. In: Howard RJ, Simmons RL, eds. Surgical Infectious Diseases, 3rd Ed. Norwalk: Appleton & Lange, 1995: 295–312.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Giri JG, Wells J, Dower SK, et al. Elevated levels of shed type II IL-1 receptor in sepsis: potential role for type II receptor in regulation of IL-1 responses. J Immunol 1994;153:5802–5809.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Porteu F, Nathan CF. Shedding of tumor necrosis factor receptors by activated human neutrophils. J Exp Med 1990;172:599–607.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Pruitt J, Copeland E, Moldawer L. Interleukin-1 and interleukin-1 antagonism in sepsis systemic inflammatory response syndrome and septic shock. Shock 1995;3:235–251.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Aderka D. The potential biological and clinical significance of the soluble tumor necrosis factor receptors. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 1996;7:231–240.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Bunn DL, Barke RA, Ewald DC, Simmons RL. Macrophages and translymphatic absorption represent the first line of host defense of the peritoneal cavity. Arch Surg 1987;122:105–110.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Barie PS, Dellinger EP, Dougherty SH, Fink MP. Assessment of hepatitis B virus immunization status among North American surgeons. Arch Surg 1994;129:27–31.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Anonymous. Recommendations for prevention and control of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and HCV-related chronic disease. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. MMWR 1998; 47:1–39.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Anonymous. Update: provisional public health service recommendation for chemoprophylaxis after occupational exposure to HIV. MMWR 1996;45:468–472.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Sawyer MS, Dunn DL. Appropriate use of antimicrobial agents. Nine principles. Postgrad Med 1991;90:115–122.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Anonymous. National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (NNIS) System report, data summary from October 1986–April 1998, issued June 1998. Am J Infect Control 1998;26:522–533.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Tambyah PA, Halvorson KT, Maki DG. A prospective study of pathogenesis of catheter-associated urinary tract infections. Mayo Clin Proc 1999;74:131–136.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Heyland D, Cook DJ, Griffith L, Keenan SP, Brun-Buisson C. The attributable morbidity and mortality of ventilator-associated pneumonia in the critically ill patient. The Canadian Critical Trials Group. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999;159:1249–1256.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Bowton DL. Nosocomial pneumonia in the ICU—year 2000 and beyond. Chest 1999;115:28S–33S.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Bold RJ, Mansfield PF, Berger DH, et al. Prospective, randomized, double-blind study of prophylactic antibiotics in axillary lymph node dissection. Am J Surg 1998;176:239–243.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Gonzalez RP, Holevar MR. Role of prophylactic antibiotics for tube thoracostomy in chest trauma. Am Surg 1998;64:617–621.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Midtvedt K, Hartmann A, Midtvedt T, Brekke IB. Routine perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis in renal transplantation. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1998;13:1637–1641.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Dobay KJ, Freier DT, Albear P. The absent role of prophylactic antibiotics in low-risk patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Am Surg 1999;65:226–228.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Platt R, Zaleznik DF, Hopkins CC, et al. Perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis for herniorrhaphy and breast surgery. N Engl J Med 1990;322:153–160.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Classen DC, Evans RS, Pestonik SL, Horn SD, Menlove RL, Burke JP. The timing of prophylactic administration of antibiotics and the risk of surgical-wound infection. N Engl J Med 1992;326:281–286.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Bartlett JG, Condon RE, Gorbach SL, Clarke JS, Nichols RL, Ochi S. Veterans Administration Cooperative Study on Bowel Preparation for Elective Colorectal Operations: impact of oral antibiotic regimen on colonic flora, wound irrigation cultures and bacteriology of septic complications. Ann Surg 1978;188:249–254.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Nichols RL, Smith JW, Garcia RY, Waterman RS. Holmes JW. Current practices of preoperative bowel preparation among North American colorectal surgeons. Clin Infect Dis 1997;24: 609–619.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Dunn DL. Gram-negative bacterial sepsis and sepsis syndrome. Surg Clin North Am 1994;74:621–635.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Bone RC, Balk RA, Cerra FB, et al. Definitions for sepsis and organ failure and guidelines for the use of innovative therapies in sepsis. The ACCP/SCCM Consensus Conference Committee. American College of Chest Physicians/Society of Critical Care Medicine. Chest 1992;101:1644–1655.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Burd RS, Cody CS, Dunn DL. Immunotherapy of Gram-Negative Bacterial Sepsis. Austin: Landes, 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Dunn DL. Endotoxin antagonism. In: Baue AE, Faist E, Fry DE, eds. Multiple Organ Failure: Pathophysiology, Prevention, and Therapy. New York: Springer-Verlag, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Bodey G, Abi-Said D, Rolston K, Raad I, Whimbey E. Imipenem or cefoperazone-sulbactam combined with vancomycin for therapy of presumed or proven infection in neutropenic cancer patients. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 1996;15:625–634.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Hathorn JW, Lyke K. Empirical treatment of febrile neutropenia: evolution of current therapeutic approaches. Clin Infect Dis 1997;24:S256–S265.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Gross PA, Barrett TL, Dellinger EP, et al. Quality standard for the treatment of bacteremia. The Infectious Diseases Society of America. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1994;15:189–192.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Rex JH, Bennett JE, Sugar AM, et al. A randomized trial comparing fluconazole with amphotericin B for the treatment of candidemia in patients without neutropenia. Candidemia Study Group and the National Institute. N Engl J Med 1994;331:1325–1330.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Bullard KM, Dunn DL. Diagnosis and treatment of bacteremia and intravascular catheter infections. Am J Surg 1996;172:S13–S19.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Andrivet P, Bacquer A, Ngoc CV, et al. Lack of clinical benefit from subcutaneous tunnel insertion of central venous catheters in immunocompromised patients. Clin Infect Dis 1994;18:34–36.

    Google Scholar 

  36. Cobb D, High KP, Sawyer RG, et al. A controlled trial of scheduled replacement of central venous and pulmonary-artery catheters. New Engl J Med 1992;327:1062–1068.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Martinez E, Mensa J, Rovira M, Martinez JA, Marcos A, Almela M, Carreras E. Central venous catheter exchange by guidewire for treatment of catheter-related bacteraemia in patients undergoing BMT or intensive chemotherapy. Bone Marrow Transplant 1999;23:41–44.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Raad I, Bompart F, Hachem R. Prospective, randomized doseranging open phase II pilot study of quinupristin/dalfopristin versus vancomycin in the treatment of catheter-related staphylococcal bacteremia. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 1999;18:199–202.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Henke PK, Bergamini TM, Rose SM, Richardson JD. Current options in prosthetic vascular graft infection. Am Surg 1998;64: 39–45.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Reardon MJ, Vinnerkvist A, LeMaire SA. Mitral valve homograft for mitral valve replacement in acute bacterial endocarditis. J Heart Valve Dis 1999;8:71–73.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Dunn DL, Sawyer MD. Deep soft tissue infections. Curr Opin Infect Dis 1990;3:691–696.

    Google Scholar 

  42. Bilton BD, Zibari GB, McMillan RW, Aultman DF, Dunn G, McDonald JC. Aggressive surgical management of necrotizing fasciitis serves to decrease mortality: a retrospective study. Am Surg 1998;64:397–400.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Sawyer MD, Dunn DL. Deep soft tissue infections. Curr Opin Infect Dis 1991;4:649–654.

    Google Scholar 

  44. Sawyer MD, Dunn DL. Serious bacterial infections of the skin and soft tissues. Curr Opin Infect Dis 1995;8:293–297.

    Google Scholar 

  45. Stamenkovic I, Lew DP. Early recognition of potentially fatal necrotizing fasciitis. The use of frozen-section biopsy. N Engl J Med 1984;310:1689–1696.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Stone HH, Martin JD. Synergistic necrotizing cellulitis. Ann Surg 1972;175:702–711.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Hall RL, Callaghan JJ, Moloney E, Martinez S, Harrelson JM. Pyomyositis in a temperate climate. Presentation, diagnosis, and treatment. J Bone Joint Surg 1990;72:1240–1244.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Stone HH, Bourneuf AA, Stinson LD. Reliability of criteria for predicting persistent or recurrent sepsis. Arch Surg 1985;120:17.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. Lennard ES, Dellinger EP, Wertz MJ, et al. Implications of leukocytosis and fever at conclusion of antibiotic therapy for intra-abdominal sepsis. Ann Surg 1982;195:19.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. Rotstein OD, Pruett TL, Simmons RL. Microbiologic features and treatment of persistent peritonitis in patients in the intensive care unit. Can J Surg 1986;29:247.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. Dunn DL, Mayoral JL, Gillingham KJ, et al. Treatment of invasive cytomegalovirus disease in solid organ transplant patients with ganciclovir. Transplantation 1991;51:98–106.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  52. Dunn DL, Gillingham KJ, Kramer MA, et al. A prospective randomized study of acyclovir versus ganciclovir plus human immune globulin prophylaxis of cytomegalovirus infection after solid organ transplantation. Transplantation 1994;57:876–884.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  53. Snydman DR, Werner BG, Heinze-Lacey B. Use of cytomegalovirus immune globulin to prevent cytomegalovirus disease in renal-transplant recipients. N Engl J Med 1987;317:1049–1054.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. Balfour HH, Chace BA, Stapleton JT. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of oral acyclovir for the prevention of cytomegalovirus disease in recipients of renal allografts. N Engl J Med 1989;320:1381–1385.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  55. Lowance D, Neumayer HH, Legendre CM, et al. Valacyclovir for the prevention of cytomegalovirus disease after renal transplantation. International Valacyclovir Cytomegalovirus Prophylaxis Transplantation Study Group. N Engl J Med 1999;340: 1462–1470.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  56. Sharma MP, Dasarathy S. Amoebic liver abscess. Trop Gastroenterol 1993;14:3–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  57. Di Matteo G, Bove A, Chiarini S, et al. Hepatic echinococcus disease: our experience over 22 years. Hepato-Gastroenterology 1996;43:1562–1565.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2003 Springer-Verlag New York, Inc.

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Dunn, D.L. (2003). Diagnosis and Treatment of Infection. In: Essential Practice of Surgery. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-22744-X_6

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-22744-X_6

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-387-95510-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-0-387-22744-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics