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Recombinant Growth Hormone: Potential Interest and Risks of its Use in Bovine Milk Production

  • Chapter
Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry

Part of the book series: Focus on Biotechnology ((FOBI,volume 5))

Abstract

The administration of recombinant bovine growth hormone (rbGH) increases milk yield by 2–6 kg/d, according to cow age, lactation stage and nutritional status, injected dose of GH and prolonged-release formulation of the hormone. Effects on milk composition and body reserves depend on the duration of the trials and on the kind of diets fed. GH increases the activity and/or longevity of mammary secretory cells, probably via IGF-I produced by the liver and/or the mammary gland. Simultaneously, GH directs adipose tissue and muscle metabolism towards increased fatty acid mobilisation and oxidation, and towards glucose sparing. The administration of rbGH has few direct effects on the reproductive function, but indirectly tends to delay it when it begins before fertilisation, due to the transient decrease in the energy balance of the cows. Milk processability does not seem to be modified by the administration of rbGH, nor does the increase in milk IGF-I secretion appear to pose a risk to consumers. GH may stimulate immune responses in animals, thereby increasing the milk cell count. On the other hand, the trend towards an increase in the occurrence of mastitis seems to result indirectly from the increased milk yield. High concentrations of GH can stimulate viral yield in some in vitro models in monogastric species, but there is currently very few data for dairy ruminants. Furthermore, the elimination rate of xenobiotics (antibiotics, etc...) by the liver could be reduced. Should rbGH be used commercially, this would decrease the efficiency (or increase the cost) of genetic selection, and would be of limited economic value for farmers working within a milk quota system. However, its use in other countries without quotas could decrease milk production costs and increase competition in international dairy product market, despite the risks of decreasing the image of these products for consumers.

translated in part from INRA Prod Anim. 11. 15–32 (1998) of GH and prolonged-release formulation of the hormone. Effects on milk composition

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. INRA Unité de Recherches sur les Herbivores, Theix, 63 122, St-Genès-Champanelle, France

    Y. Chilliard

  2. INRA Laboratoire Lentivirus chez les petits ruminants, ENVL, I avenue Bourgelat, BP 83, 69280, Marcy I’Etoile, France

    C. Lerondelle

  3. ENSA Sciences Animales, 65 rue de St-Brieuc, 35042, Rennes Cedex, France

    C. Disenhaus

  4. ENSA Systémes de Production et Développement Rural, 65 rue de St-Brieuc, 35042, Rennes Cedex, France

    C Mouchet

  5. INRA Laboratoire des Xénobiotiques, 180 chemin de Tournefeuille, St Martin du Touch, 31931, Toulouse Cedex, France

    A. Paris

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    R. Renaville  & A. Burny  & 

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Chilliard, Y., Lerondelle, C., Disenhaus, C., Mouchet, C., Paris, A. (2001). Recombinant Growth Hormone: Potential Interest and Risks of its Use in Bovine Milk Production. In: Renaville, R., Burny, A. (eds) Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry. Focus on Biotechnology, vol 5. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-46887-5_4

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